Table 2.

Effect of Statin Use on the Risk of Incident HF and HF‐Related Death

Variable	Events, N (%)	Incident rate	Unadjusted SHR (96% CI) P value	Adjusted SHR (96% CI) P value*
Incident HF
Statin nonusers (N=29 251)	5595 (19.1)	4.03	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Statin users (N=23 239)†	3673 (15.8)	3.40	0.84 (0.81–0.87) <0.001	0.81 (0.78–0.85) <0.001
HF‐related death
Statin nonusers (N=29 251)	959 (3.3)	0.69	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Statin users (N=23 239)	661 (2.8)	0.61	0.85 (0.76–0.95) 0.003	0.84 (0.74–0.94) <0.001

HF indicates heart failure; and SHR, subdistribution hazard ratio.

^*A multivariable‐adjusted model further accounted for the following prognostic covariates: age at index date, sex, smoking, CHA₂DS₂‐VASc score (congestive HF, hypertension, age ≥75 years [doubled], diabetes, stroke [doubled], vascular disease, age 65–74 years, and sex category [female]) score, atrial fibrillation duration, comorbidities, including diabetes, hypertension, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, peripheral vascular disease, venous thromboembolism, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, liver cirrhosis, anemia, cancer, gastrointestinal bleeding, dyslipidemia, and obesity, and baseline use of non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant, warfarin, aspirin, β‐blockers, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, ablation, and cardioversion.

^†Statin user was defined by filled prescription for at least 90 consecutive days of statin use after the index date. Hazard estimates were obtained with the use of a proportional subdistribution hazards regression model fit to the inverse probability of treatment weighted cohort that accounted for competing risk; the model was conditioned on age at index date.