Table 1.
Demographics, Comorbidities, and Stroke Causes and Localization
| Women (n=160) | Men (n=140) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | |||
| Mean age, y | 78±12 | 71±14 | <0.01 |
| Race | |||
| Asian | 1 (0.6%) | 1 (0.7%) | |
| Black | 69 (43%) | 67 (48%) | |
| White | 84 (53%) | 70 (50%) | |
| Other | 6 (4%) | 2 (1%) | 0.58 |
| BMI | 27.8±8.3 | 28±6.2 | 0.75 |
| Hand dominance (R) | 98/103 (95%) | 82/96 (82%) | 0.02 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 140 (88%) | 126 (90%) | 0.50 |
| Diabetes | 59 (37%) | 67 (48%) | 0.06 |
| Dyslipidemia | 89 (56%) | 94 (67%) | 0.04 |
| Smoking (prior and current) | 59 (37%) | 77 (55%) | <0.01 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 54 (34%) | 53 (38%) | 0.46 |
| Coronary artery disease | 40 (25%) | 49 (35%) | 0.06 |
| Chronic heart failure | 35 (22%) | 40 (29%) | 0.18 |
| Atrial fibrillation/flutter | 45 (28%) | 36 (26%) | 0.64 |
| Stroke/TIA | 47 (20%) | 44 (31%) | 0.70 |
| NIHSS at admission | 6 (2–14) | 5 (3–11) | 0.21 |
| Stroke causes | |||
| LAA | 17 (11%) | 11 (8%) | |
| Cardioembolic | 65 (41%) | 44 (32%) | |
| SVO | 18 (11%) | 22 (16%) | |
| Cryptogenic | |||
| Multiple causes | 25 (15%) | 12 (8%) | |
| ESUS | 22 (14%) | 46 (33%) | |
| Incomplete work‐up | 10 (6%) | 2 (1%) | |
| Others (hypercoagulability) | 3 (2%) | 3 (2%) | <0.01 |
| Insula involvement | 51/159 (32%) | 37/140 (26%) | 0.28 |
| R Insula involvement | 32/159 (20%) | 15/140 (11%) | 0.02 |
| Side of stroke | |||
| Left | 58 (36%) | 66 (47%) | |
| Right | 82 (51%) | 49 (35%) | |
| Bilateral | 20 (12.5%) | 25 (18%) | 0.02 |
Categorical variables are presented as frequency (column percent), continuous variables are presented as mean±SD, or median and interquartile range when nonnormally distributed. BMI indicates body mass index; ESUS, embolic stroke of undetermined source; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; R, right; SVO, small vessel occlusion; and TIA, transient ischemic attack.