Blood was collected from SPF and CoH mice prior to infection (0 h), and 3 and 24 h after infection with 4 × 107 CFU UPEC i.v. The concentration of 20 cytokines and chemokines in the serum was determined by Luminex.
(A) Radar plot shows the average steady state, 3 and 24 h post-infection serum concentrations (pg/mL) of the indicated cytokines and chemokines.
(B) Amount (pg/mL) of IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5 in serum prior to (0 h), and 3 and 24 h after UPEC infection. For statistical comparisons, SPF mice with undetectable cytokines were given a value of “0.” **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.005, and ****p < 0.0001 as determined by nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. Data in (A) and (B) were combined from two experiments using a total of 7–10 mice per group, where each symbol in (B) represents a mouse and bars indicate means with SEM.