Fig. 1.

Study design, injury model, and daily running distance. (A) Study design. n = number of animals per group; SD = sleep disturbance; Ex = whole body aerobic exercise via running wheel access; SD+Ex = sleep disturbance and exercise combined. (B–D) Images showing the overuse injury model. Rats learned and then performed a high-repetition high-force (HRHF) reaching and lever pulling task (four 30-min sessions/day, 3 days/week, for 4 weeks). (E) Average daily running distance for Ex and SD+Ex rats.