Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models for PFS for the original and refined model for early CRP kinetics
| Original model | Refined model | |||||
| Variable | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age (continuously coded) | 0.99 (0.99 to 1.00) | 0.096 | ||||
| Sex Male Female |
1 (reference) 1.13 (0.94 to 1.35) |
0.202 | ||||
| ECOG ECOG 1 ECOG>1 |
1 (reference) 1.50 (1.12 to 2.00) |
0.007 | 1 (reference) 1.28 (0.95 to 1.73) |
0.103 | 1 (reference) 1.32 (0.98 to 1.78) |
0.067 |
| Charlson Index | 1.00 (0.97 to 1.03) | 0.936 | ||||
| Baseline CRP Low (<median) High (≥median) |
1 (reference) 1.46 (1.22 to 1.75) |
<0.001 | 1 (reference) 1.65 (1.36 to 2.01) |
<0.001 | 1 (reference) 1.80 (1.46 to 2.22) |
<0.001 |
| Cancer type NSCLC Melanoma RCC UC Other |
1 (reference) 0.90 (0.70 to 1.16) 0.73 (0.55 to 0.98) 1.37 (0.99 to 1.89) 1.13 (0.89 to 1.44) |
0.426 0.035 0.057 0.315 |
1 (reference) 1.03 (0.79 to 1.34) 0.63 (0.47 to 0.85) 1.37 (0.99 to 1.90) 1.19 (0.94 to 1.53) |
0.838 0.002 0.057 0.152 |
1 (reference) 1.04 (0.80 to 1.35) 0.66 (0.49 to 0.89) 1.29 (0.93 to 1.79) 1.23 (0.96 to 1.57) |
0.784 0.006 0.126 0.103 |
| Metastatic sites | 1.08 (0.99 to 1.17) | 0.076 | ||||
| Stage at ICI start II+III IV |
1 (reference) 1.57 (1.00 to 2.49) |
0.053 | ||||
| Treatment line 1st line 2nd line or higher |
1 (reference) 1.20 (1.00 to 1.44) |
0.050 | ||||
| Additional treatments No additional treatment Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Targeted therapy |
1 (reference) 1.051 (0.592 to 1.868) 1.063 (0.777 to 1.453) 0.442 (0.183 to 1.067) |
0.864 0.703 0.070 |
||||
| CRP response CRP non-responder CRP responder CRP flare-responder |
1 (reference) 0.63 (0.51 to 0.77) 0.68 (0.51 to 0.92) |
<0.001
0.013 |
1 (reference) 0.52 (0.42 to 0.65) 0.62 (0.46 to 0.84) |
<0.001
0.002 |
||
| CRP response CRP non-responder CRP responder CRP flare-responder All-normal CRP |
1 (reference) 0.59 (0.48 to 0.73) 0.66 (0.49 to 0.89) 0.56 (0.40 to 0.78) |
<0.001
0.006 0.001 |
1 (reference) 0.48 (0.38 to 0.59) 0.63 (0.46 to 0.85) 0.74 (0.52 to 1.05) |
<0.001
0.003 0.096 |
||
significant p-values are highlighted in bold
CRP, C reactive protein; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; PFS, progression-free survival; UC, urothelial carcinoma.