Table 4.
Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models for OS for the original and refined model for early CRP kinetics
| Original model | Refined model | |||||
| Variable | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age (continuously coded) | 1.00 (0.99 to 1.01) | 0.385 | ||||
| Sex Male Female |
1 (reference) 1.08 (0.87 to 1.34) |
0.477 | ||||
| ECOG ECOG 1 ECOG>1 |
1 (reference) 2.07 (1.39 to 3.10) |
<0.001 | 1 (reference) 1.70 (1.13 to 2.59) |
0.010 | 1 (reference) 1.74 (1.16 to 2.60) |
0.008 |
| Charlson Index | 1.10 (1.06 to 1.14) | <0.001 | 1.07 (1.03 to 1.11) | <0.001 | 1.08 (1.03 to 1.12) | <0.001 |
| Baseline CRP Low (<median) High (≥median) |
1 (reference) 1.79 (1.45 to 2.20) |
<0.001 | 1 (reference) 1.87 (1.49 to 2.36) |
<0.001 | 1 (reference) 2.01 (1.58 to 2.57) |
<0.001 |
| Cancer type NSCLC Melanoma RCC UC Other |
1 (reference) 0.76 (0.57 to 1.02) 0.46 (0.31 to 0.69) 1.66 (1.14 to 2.41) 1.11 (0.84 to 1.47) |
0.071 <0.001 0.008 0.462 |
1 (reference) 0.83 (0.61 to 1.12) 0.41 (0.27 to 0.63) 1.77 (1.21 to 2.59) 1.14 (0.86 to 1.53) |
0.219 <0.001 0.003 0.363 |
1 (reference) 0.84 (0.62 to 1.13) 0.42 (0.28 to 0.62) 1.66 (1.13 to 2.43) 1.14 (0.86 to 1.53) |
0.250 <0.001 0.009 0.365 |
| Metastatic sites | 1.21 (1.10 to 1.33) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.06 to 1.32) | 0.003 | 1.19 (1.07 to 1.33) | 0.001 |
| Stage at ICI start II+III IV |
1 (reference) 2.03 (1.08 to 3.80) |
0.028 | 1 (reference) 1.63 (0.84 to 3.16) |
0.151 | 1 (reference) 1.61 (0.83 to 3.13) |
0.159 |
| Treatment line 1st line 2nd line or higher |
1 (reference) 1.14 (0.92 to 1.41) |
0.315 | ||||
| Additional treatments no additional treatment Radiotherapy Chemotherapy Targeted therapy |
1 (reference) 1.341 (0.714 to 2.520) 1.065 (0.735 to 1.545) 0.251 (0.062 to 1.008) |
0.361 0.738 0.051 |
||||
| CRP response CRP non-responder CRP responder CRP flare-responder |
1 (reference) 0.73 (0.58 to 0.92) 0.85 (0.60 to 1.19) |
0.008
0.339 |
1 (reference) 0.57 (0.45 to 0.73) 0.68 (0.48 to 0.96) |
<0.001
0.029 |
||
| CRP response CRP non-responder CRP responder CRP flare-responder All-normal CRP |
1 (reference) 0.64 (0.50 to 0.81) 0.75 (0.54 to 1.06) 0.46 (0.31 to 0.69) |
<0.001
0.104 <0.001 |
1 (reference) 0.46 (0.35 to 0.59) 0.62 (0.44 to 0.88) 0.66 (0.43 to 1.01) |
<0.001
0.007 0.053 |
||
significant p-values are highlighted in bold
CRP, C reactive protein; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; OS, overall survival; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; UC, urothelial carcinoma.