Table 1.
Key features of respondents with and without a Kakaritsuke-I
| Attributes | Total | Do you have a Kakaritsuke-I? | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | p-value | |||
| Proportions (%) and chi-squared tests for their differences | |||||
| Periodic doctor visits | 48.3 | 66.6 | 28.8 | < 0.001 | |
| Sex | Female | 50.5 | 53.5 | 47.4 | < 0.001 |
| Marital status | Married | 50.9 | 57.0 | 44.5 | < 0.001 |
| Family | Living alone | 19.7 | 15.2 | 24.6 | < 0.001 |
| Educational attainmenta | Junior high school | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 0.090 |
| High school | 39.9 | 41.0 | 38.6 | 0.083 | |
| Junior college | 11.5 | 13.2 | 9.6 | < 0.001 | |
| College or above | 46.2 | 43.7 | 48.9 | < 0.001 | |
| Job statusa | Regular employee | 41.9 | 35.7 | 48.5 | < 0.001 |
| Non-regular employee | 19.7 | 20.3 | 19.0 | 0.235 | |
| Self-employment worker | 6.7 | 7.7 | 5.6 | 0.002 | |
| Unemployed | 20.8 | 26.2 | 15.1 | < 0.001 | |
| Out of labor force | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 0.979 | |
| Student | 8.0 | 7.2 | 8.9 | 0.022 | |
| Sample means and Welch’s t-tests for their differences | |||||
| Self-related health | M | 2.43 | 2.57 | 2.27 | < 0.001 |
| (range: 1 [good] − 5 [poor]) | SD | (1.14) | (1.15) | (1.11) | |
| Age | M | 44.2 | 48.5 | 39.6 | < 0.001 |
| (years) | SD | (17.0) | (17.7) | (15.0) | |
| Household income | M | 6.18 | 6.38 | 5.97 | 0.057 |
| (annual, million JPY) | SD | (7.83) | (8.06) | (7.58) | |
| Number of doctors | M | 2.73 | 2.73 | 2.72 | 0.811 |
| (per 1000 persons) | SD | (0.45) | (0.44) | (0.45) | |
| N | 5,234 | 2,698 | 2,536 | ||
a Chi-squared tests rejected the null hypotheses of independence between educational attainment and Kakaritsukei-I and between job status and Kakaritsukei-I, both at p < .001