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. 2023 Dec 15;15:925–951. doi: 10.2147/BCTT.S424624

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© 2023 Anayyat et al.

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Challenges in cancer immunotherapy: difficulties in designing a preclinical model in translated human immunity, defining key drivers of immune checkpoints, immune escape, the impact of steroids and immune suppression on cancer immunotherapy and autoimmune toxicities, target therapy legislative, organ-specific therapies, optimization of long-term survival with multi-agent cancer immunotherapy, difficulties in development in improved regulatory endpoints for cancer therapy.