TABLE 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients and controls a
| Clinically characterized HSK patients | Alternative diagnosis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RT-qPCR positive, n = 76 (31.5%) | RT-qPCR negative, n = 164 (68.5%) | P-value | RT-qPCR positive (n = 1) | RT-qPCR negative (n = 224) | |
| Age (years, median) | 56.5 | 54.6 | 0.5 | 56 | 51.8 |
| Male | 46 (60%) | 96 (58.5%) | 0.9 | 0 | 107 (48%) |
| Female | 30 (40%) | 68 (41.5%) | 0.9 | 1 (100%) | 117 (52%) |
| Keratitis subtype | |||||
| Epithelial | 38 (50%) | 1 (0.6%) | <0.0001 | 0 | 66 (29.5%) |
| Stromal without ulceration | 6 (7.9%) | 68 (41.5%) | <0.0001 | 1 (100%) | 56 (25%) |
| Stromal with ulceration | 19 (25%) | 20 (12.2%) | 0.01 | 0 | 8 (3.6%) |
| Endotheliitis | 6 (7.9%) | 38 (23.1%) | 0.004 | 0 | 62 (27.7%) |
| Kerato-uveitis | 4 (5.3%) | 13 (8%) | 0.6 | 0 | 13 (5.8%) |
| Postherpetic neurotrophic keratopathy | 3 (4%) | 24 (14.6%) | 0.009 | 0 | 19 (8.5%) |
| Epithelial defect | 60 (79%) | 44 (26.8%) | <0.0001 | 0 | 149 (66%) |
| First episode (vs recurrence) | 32 (42.1%) | 26 (15.8%) | <0.0001 | Non relevant | Non relevant |
| Antiviral intake at the time of sampling | 39 (51.3%) | 121 (73.8%) | <0.0001 | 0 | 35 (15.7%) |
| Epithelial | 16 (21.1%) | 0 | <0.0001 | 6 (2.7%) | |
| Stromal without ulceration | 4 (5.2%) | 52 (31.7%) | <0.0001 | 12 (5.4%) | |
| Stromal with ulceration | 12 (15.8%) | 15 (9.1%) | 0.13 | 5 (2.2%) | |
| Endotheliitis | 4 (5.2%) | 26 (15.8%) | 0.02 | 2 (0.9%) | |
| Kerato-uveitis | 2 (2.6%) | 9 (5.5%) | 0.5 | 4 (1.8%) | |
| Postherpetic neurotrophic keratopathy | 1 (1.3%) | 19(11.5%) | 0.005 | 6 (2.7%) | |
| Treatments at the time of sampling | |||||
| Valacyclovir | 29 (38.2%) | 94 (56.7%) | 0.008 | 0 | 33 (14.8%) |
| Acyclovir | 3 (3.9%) | 10 (6%) | 0.75 | 0 | 0 |
| Famciclovir | 6 (7.9%) | 17 (10.3%) | 0.64 | 0 | 2 (0.9%) |
| Topical ganciclovir | 2 (2.6%) | 0 | 0.09 | 0 | 0 |
a
HSK, herpes simplex keratitis; RT-qPCR, real-time quantitative PCR.