Tab. II.

Description of UTI outcomes.

Outcome	Description
Simple infection treated in primary care	These infections are successfully treated in primary care with one round of antibiotics and do not require any secondary care. HRQoL impact is small.
Prolonged infection treated in primary care	These infections are not successfully treated with the first course of antibiotics and require slightly more health care resource use. HRQoL impact is small (but prolonged, compared to the simplest infections).
Complex infection treated in day case secondary care	These infections have some complexities requiring secondary care assessment/treatment but do not require an inpatient stay. HRQoL impact is larger than for those treated in primary care, but is still relatively minor.
Complex infection treated in day case secondary care	These infections require a stay in secondary care (e.g. for treatment with IV antibiotics). Therefore they are much more costly than previous outcomes. HRQoL impact is still minor but is prolonged.
Infection with severe complications, not leading to death	These are the infections which escalate to severe complications such as sepsis. These infections are more costly and are quite impactful in terms of HRQoL.
Infection leading to death	These are almost twice as costly and almost twice as impactful on HRQoL as the previous UTI category, but the main difference is that these infections are ultimately fatal and contribute to the overall mortality in the model.