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. 2023 Dec 7;15(2):2290318. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2290318

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 3. — Association of serum ferritin and executive function with bacterial functionality in the Aging Imageomics cohort. (a-c) volcano plots of microbiome molecular functions associated (p adjusted < 0.05) with serum ferritin (a), PVF (b), and TDS (c) as calculated by ANCOM-BC from shotgun metagenomic sequencing, adjusting all three models for age, BMI, and sex; and for years of education in TDS, and PVF models. The log2 fold change of the association with a unit change in the ANCOM-BC-transformed variable values and the log10 p values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a sequential goodness of fit were plotted for each microbiome function. Significantly associated genes are colored in green (upregulated) or red (downregulated). d-e) Barplot plot of the KEGG pathway over-representation analyses (q value < 0.1) mapping the KEGG orthologues significantly associated with serum ferritin and PVF in the entire cohort (d) and in men (e). f) Gene-concept network depicting the linkage of significant KEGG orthologues participating in KEGG pathways related to lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, sulfur relay system, and phenylalanine, arginine, and proline metabolism for serum ferritin and PVF in the entire cohort. TDS, total digit span; PVF, phonemic verbal fluency; BMI, body mass index.