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. 2023 Dec 7;15(2):2290318. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2290318

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

Association of serum ferritin and executive function with bacterial functionality in men. (a-c) Volcano plots of microbiome molecular functions associated (p adjusted < 0.05) with serum ferritin (a), PVF (b), and TDS (c) in men as calculated by ANCOM-BC from shotgun metagenomic sequencing, adjusting all three models for age and BMI; and for years of education in TDS, and PVF models. The log2 fold change of the association with a unit change in the ANCOM-BC-transformed variable values and the log10 p values adjusted for multiple comparisons using a sequential goodness of fit were plotted for each microbiome function. Significantly associated genes are colored in green (upregulated) or red (downregulated). d) Gene-concept network depicting the linkage of significant KEGG orthologues participating in KEGG pathways related to Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, biosynthesis of siderophore group nonribosomal peptides, geraniol degradation and phenylalanine, arginine, and proline metabolism for serum ferritin and PVF. TDS, total digit span; PVF, phonemic verbal fluency; BMI, body mass index.