Table 3.

COVID-19-related ICU admissions and mortality (COVID-19 cases, number of patients, proportion, crude IR per 1000 person-years, and IRR) in the population aged >12 years, overall and by immunocompromising condition, England, NHS-Digital, 2022.

	COVID-19 ICU							COVID-related mortality
	N ICUa, d	% of ICUb	Total person-time (years)	Crude IR	IR 95% CI	Adjusted IRRc	IRR 95% CI	N deathsa	% of deathsb	Total person-time (years)	Crude IR	IR 95% CI	Adjusted IRRc	IRR 95% CI
Overall study population
All individuals	440	100.0	11,990,553	0.04	0.0–0.09			4810	100.0	11,930,335	0.4	0.3–0.5
Total broadly defined immunocompromised	125	28.1	470,844	0.3	0.0–0.6	4.13	3.30–5.18	1145	23.8	452,710	2.5	2.2–2.8	1.97	1.84–2.11
Total stringently defined immunocompromised	75	16.5	83,144	0.9	0.2–1.6	12.48	9.60–16.22	355	7.4	77,810	4.6	3.9–5.3	3.99	3.58–4.46
Primary immunodeficiency	<10	<2.2	9315	1.0	0.0–3.0	13.29	6.76–26.14	45	1.0	9070	5.1	3.0–7.2	5.66	4.20–7.61
Moderate to severe primary immunodeficiencye	0	0.0	1270	NA	NA	NA	NA	<10	<0.2	1245	4.0	0.0–9.5	8.30	3.39–20.32
Secondary immunodeficiency	25	5.7	8969	0.3	0.0–0.9	4.12	2.72–6.24	195	4.0	88,535	2.2	1.5–2.9	2.99	2.58–3.47
Active treatment with non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapye	15	3.2	11,353	1.2	0.0–3.1	15.03	8.71–25.95	60	1.2	11,020	5.4	3.5–7.3	5.53	4.26–7.19
High-dose, long-term moderate dose corticosteroids	0	0.0	4130	NA	NA	NA	NA	<10	<0.2	3930	2.0	0.–5.1	1.65	0.81–3.34
High-dose corticosteroidse	0	0.0	3366	NA	NA	NA	NA	<10	<0.2	3160	1.3	0.0–4.8	1.14	0.42–3.09
End-stage kidney disease	35	8.1	23,297	1.5	0.3–2.8	13.95	9.74–19.97	145	3.1	21,820	6.7	5.4–8.0	3.81	3.22–4.50
Solid organ transplant ≤5 years prior	15	3.2	7364	1.9	0.0–4.2	24.74	14.28–42.85	35	0.7	7220	4.7	2.4–7.0	13.03	9.22–18.41
≤1 year priore	<10	<2.2	2702	2.6	0.0–6.4	33.25	15.44–71.57	10	0.2	2645	4.2	0.4–8.0	12.25	6.69–22.42
1–2 years priore	<10	<2.2	1538	0.7	0.0–5.6	8.48	1.14–62.90	10	0.2	1505	6.6	1.6–11.6	18.74	9.95–35.33
On anti-rejection therapiese	<10	<2.2	2635	2.3	0.0–6.1	27.59	12.07–63.05	10	0.2	2595	4.6	0.8–8.4	12.09	6.78–21.58
Stem cell transplant ≤2 years priore	<10	<2.2	1434	1.4	0.0–6.6	24.92	6.03–102.98	<10	<0.2	1390	1.4	0.0–6.6	6.36	1.55–26.18
Solid tumour ≤5 years prior	35	7.9	309,379	0.1	0.0–0.5	1.22	0.85–1.74	625	13.0	295,030	2.1	1.7–2.5	1.30	1.19–1.42
With active treatment (≤6 months prior)e	<10	<2.2	27,698	0.2	0.0–1.4	2.42	1.06–5.52	60	1.3	24,405	2.5	1.3–3.7	2.58	2.00–3.33
With recent treatment (6–12 months prior)	<10	<2.2	6985	0.3	0.0–2.6	3.20	0.78–13.23	10	0.2	6400	1.7	0.0–4.1	1.72	0.94–3.14
With distant treatment (>12 months prior)	<10	<2.2	36,479	0.08	0.0–1.1	0.93	0.29–2.98	60	1.2	35,355	1.7	0.6–2.8	1.52	1.17–1.98
Haematological malignancy ≤5 years prior	55	12.7	60,240	0.9	0.1–1.7	12.37	9.23–16.57	300	6.2	57,730	5.2	4.4–6.0	3.32	2.95–3.74
With active treatment (≤6 months prior)e	25	5.9	8401	3.2	1.1–5.4	37.94	25.39–56.69	90	1.9	7745	11.9	9.7–14.1	10.12	8.20–12.50
With recent treatment (6–12 months prior)	<10	<2.2	2248	2.2	0.0–6.4	24.92	10.12–61.37	10	0.2	2140	5.6	1.4–9.8	4.64	2.60–8.26
With distant treatment (>12 months prior)	<10	<2.2	11,989	0.5	0.0–2.3	5.70	2.50–12.99	45	0.9	11,615	3.9	2.1–5.7	2.99	2.22–4.04
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, acute leukaemia (≤2 years prior)e	50	11.8	35,691	1.5	0.4–2.5	18.92	14.00–25.58	235	4.9	34,080	6.9	5.8–8.0	4.49	3.93–5.13
Advanced or untreated HIVe	0	0.0	578	NA	NA	NA	NA	<10	<0.2	515	5.8	0.0–14.4	3.12	1.13–11.39
Vaccinated population (≥3 doses of a COVID-19 vaccine)
All individuals	255	100	6,060,529	0.04	0.0–0.1			3425	100.0	6,013,350	0.6	0.5–0.7
Total broadly defined immunocompromised	90	36.1	397,784	00.2	0–0.5	4.66	3.56–6.11	855	24.9	383,315	2.2	1.9–2.5	1.98	1.83–2.14
Total stringently defined immunocompromised	55	22	69,524	0.08	0.08–1.6	14.34	10.56–19.48	295	8.7	65,260	4.6	3.8–5.4	4.55	4.03–5.14
Primary immunodeficiency	<10	<3.9	6601	1.4	0–3.8	20.43	10.33–40.41	35	1.1	6410	5.6	3.2–8.0	6.09	4.35–8.51
Moderate to severe primary immunodeficiencye	0	0	872	0		NA	NA	<10	<0.3	855	4.7	0–11.4	9.43	3.47–25.65
Secondary immunodeficiency	20	7.8	75,450	0.3	0–1.0	4.84	3.03–7.72	130	3.9	74,400	1.8	1.1–2.5	2.81	2.35–3.35
Active treatment with non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapye	10	3.9	9363	1.2	0–3.2	17.49	9.42–32.47	45	1.3	9100	4.9	2.9–6.9	5.72	4.24–7.73
High-dose, long-term moderate dose corticosteroids	0	0	3511	0		NA	NA	<10	<0.3	3365	1.8	0–5.2	1.65	0.73–3.74
High-dose corticosteroidse	0	0	2771	0		NA	NA	<10	<0.3	2635	0.8	0–4.7	0.76	0.18–3.12
End-stage kidney disease	25	10.2	18,040	1.4	0–2.9	16.15	10.55–24.74	100	2.9	16,935	6.0	4.5–7.5	3.68	3.00–4.50
Solid organ transplant ≥5 years prior	10	3.9	5759	1.9	0–4.5	20.93	2.82–155.56	30	0.9	5650	5.3	2.7–7.9	17.91	12.38–25.90
≤1 year priore	<10	<3.9	2062	2.9	0–7.2	46.31	20.12–106.68	10	0.3	2020	5.4	1.1–9.7	19.60	10.70–35.92
1–2 years priore	0	0	1200	0		NA	NA	<10	<0.3	1180	5.9	0.2–11.6	19.94	9.35–42.53
On anti-rejection therapiese	<10	<3.9	2071	2.4	0–6.7	35.93	14.47–89.25	10	0.3	2045	5.4	1.1–9.7	13.32	4.89–36.27
Stem cell transplant ≤2 years priore	25	9.8	996	0		NA	NA	<10	<0.3	970	1.0	0–7.2	5.16	0.70–38.17
Solid tumour ≤5 years prior	<10	<3.9	265,950	0.09	0–0.5	1.22	0.79–1.86	465	13.6	254,460	1.8	1.4–2.2	1.29	1.17–1.43
With active treatment (≤6 months prior)e	<10	<3.9	23,475	0.2	0–1.5	2.85	1.15–7.05	50	1.5	20,840	2.4	1.1–3.7	2.91	2.19–3.86
With recent treatment (6–12 months prior)	<10	<3.9	5958	0.2	0–2.7	2.27	0.31–16.86	<10	<0.3	5505	1.1	0–3.8	1.29	0.57–2.91
With distant treatment (>12 months prior)	40	16.5	31,302	0.03	0–1.1	0.43	0.06–3.20	40	1.2	30,390	1.3	0.2–2.4	1.43	1.04–1.96
Haematological malignancy ≤5 years prior	20	7.1	50,638	0.8	0–1.7	13.58	9.65–19.11	250	7.3	48,570	5.1	4.2–6.0	3.72	3.26–4.25
With active treatment (≤6 months prior)e	<10	<3.9	6950	2.7	0.4–5.1	38.33	23.71–61.97	75	2.2	6430	11.5	9.1–13.9	11.26	8.90–14.26
With recent treatment (6–12 months prior)	<10	<3.9	1870	2.1	0–6.7	28.43	10.36–78.02	10	0.3	1780	5.6	1.0–10.2	5.31	2.82–10.00
With distant treatment (>12 months prior)	40	15.3	10,164	0.6	0–2.5	8.00	3.50–18.32	40	1.2	9850	4.1	2.1–6.1	3.59	2.61–4.94
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, acute leukaemia (≤2 years prior)e	0	0	30,269	1.3	0.2–2.4	20.55	14.46–29.20	200	5.9	28,955	6.9	5.8–8.0	5.18	4.48–5.99
Advanced or untreated HIVe	25	9.8	454	0		NA	NA	<10	<0.3	405	4.9	0–14.6	2.85	0.69–11.75

CI – confidence interval. IR – incidence rate per 1000 person-years. IRR – incidence rate ratio. NA – not applicable.

^aCounts are rounded to the nearest 5 in compliance with the NHS Privacy Policy.

^bPercentages are based on the total number of events.

^cIncidence rate ratios (IRR) adjusted for age, sex, and number of non-immunocompromising comorbidities, comparing the incidence rate of individuals with the condition specified in each row to the incidence rate in individuals who do not have the condition specified in that row.

^dNumber of patients with ≥1 COVID-19 ICU admission.

^eStringent immunocompromised subgroups.