Fig. 4. Effects of acyl-GIP, acyl-GLP-1 and MAR709 on body weight and glucose metabolism in HFD-fed Vgat-Gipr KO mice.
a–c, Body weight development (a), placebo-corrected weight loss after 26 days of treatment (b), and food intake (c) of 38-week-old male C57BL/6J WT mice treated daily with vehicle (Vhcl), acyl-GIP (100 nmol kg−1) or 10 nmol kg−1 of either acyl-GLP-1 or MAR709 (n = 7–8 each group). d–j, Fat and lean tissue mass in 38-week-old male C57BL/6J WT mice (d,e), fasting levels of blood glucose and insulin in 38-week-old male C57BL/6J WT mice (f,g), glucose tolerance in 38-week-old male C57BL/6J WT mice (h), HOMA-IR in 38-week-old male WT mice (i) and plasma levels of triglycerides in 35-week-old male C57BL/6J WT mice (j) (n = 7–8 each group). k–m, Body weight development (k), placebo-corrected weight loss after 26 days of treatment (l) and food intake (m) of 35-week-old male C57BL/6J Vgat-Gipr KO mice treated daily with vehicle, acyl-GIP (100 nmol kg−1) or 10 nmol kg−1 of either acyl-GLP-1 or MAR709 (n = 7–8 each group). n–t, Fat and lean tissue mass in 35-week-old male C57BL/6J KO mice (n,o), fasting levels of blood glucose and insulin in 35-week-old male WT mice (p,q), glucose tolerance in 35-week-old male C57BL/6J WT mice (r), HOMA-IR in 35-week-old male WT mice (s) and plasma levels of triglycerides in 35-week-old male C57BL/6J WT mice (t) (n = 7–8 mice each group). Data in a,h,k,r were analyzed using repeated measures two-way ANOVA and with Bonferroni post hoc comparison for individual time points. Data in c,m were analyzed using Fishers LSD test. Data in b,d–g,i,j,l,n–q,s,t were analyzed using ordinary one-way ANOVA. Data in g,i were analyzed using a Student’s two-tailed t-test. Food intake in c,m was assessed per cage in double-housed mice. Cages with mice shredding food were excluded from the analysis. Data area mean ± s.e.m.; NS, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001. Individual P values are shown in the Source Data file, unless P < 0.0001.