Antiviral activity of Tubercidin at different stages of PEDV infection. Vero cells were infected with PEDV and treated with Tubercidin at indicated time points, which represented the stage of viral inactivation (A), attachment (B), internalization (C), replication (D) or release (E), respectively. All experiments were performed with three independent replicates. After 16 h, the samples were collected for determining the RNA expression level of PEDV by RT-qPCR.