Table 2.
Patient-specific preoperative parameters, with p-values for comparing the external set to the internal set; ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification, ADPKD = autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, DM = Diabetes mellitus, mRS = modified Rankin Scale, SAH = subarachnoid hemorrhage, SD = standard deviation, mRS = modified Rankin Scale, pnND = permanent new neurological deficit, GOS = Glasgow outcome scale, tnND = transient new neurological deficit, mRS-Diff > 1 = mRS difference > 1 (preoperative vs. postoperative).
| Patient-specific preoperative parameters | Internal Set | mRS > 2 | pnND | GOS < 5 | tnND | mRS-Diff > 1 | Train Set | Test Set | External Set | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Aneurysms | 466 | 59 | 29 | 63 | 35 | 48 | 380 | 86 | 256 | |
| Mean Age in years (± SD) | 55.5 (± 10.5) | 55.9 (± 12.2) | 59.8 (± 10.7) | 55.9 (± 13.1) | 55.2 (± 12.9) | 58.1 (± 11.5) | 55.1 (± 10.4) | 57.3 (± 10.7) | 57.4 (± 9.6) | 0.0259 |
| Female Gender | 313 (67.2%) | 31 (52.5%) | 22 (75.9%) | 34 (54.0%) | 23 (65.7%) | 30 (62.5%) | 257 (67.6%) | 56 (65.1%) | 198 (77.3%) | 0.0041 |
| ASA Classification | < 0.0001 | |||||||||
| ASA I | 101 (21.7%) | 3 (5.1%) | 3 (10.3%) | 6 (9.5%) | 10 (28.6%) | 5 (10.4%) | 93 (24.5%) | 8 (9.3%) | 2 (0.8%) | |
| ASA II | 255 (54.7%) | 28 (57.4%) | 15 (51.7%) | 30 (47.6%) | 15 (42.9%) | 27 (56.2%) | 200 (52.6%) | 55 (64.0%) | 157 (61.3%) | |
| ASA III | 101 (21.7%) | 24 (40.7%) | 10 (34.5%) | 23 (36.5%) | 8 (22.8%) | 14 (29.2%) | 80 (21.1%) | 21 (24.4%) | 95 (37.1%) | |
| ASA IV | 8 (1.7%) | 3 (5.1%) | 0 | 3 (4.8%) | 2 (5.7%) | 1 (2.1%) | 6 (1.6%) | 2 (2.3%) | 2 (0.8%) | |
| ASA V | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (1.7%) | 1 (3.5%) | 1 (1.6%) | 0 | 1 (2.1%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0 | 0 | |
| mRS preoperative | < 0.0001 | |||||||||
| 0 | 288 (61.8%) | 14 (23.7%) | 15 (51.7%) | 19 (30.2%) | 15 (42.8%) | 29 (60.4%) | 222 (58.4%) | 66 (76.7%) | 124 (48.4%) | |
| 1 | 107 (23.0%) | 14 (23.7%) | 8 (27.6%) | 17 (27.0%) | 13 (37.1%) | 14 (29.2%) | 89 (23.4%) | 18 (20.9%) | 102 (39.8%) | |
| 2 | 51 (10.9%) | 12 (20.4%) | 4 (13.9%) | 13 (20.6%) | 5 (14.3%) | 4 (8.3%) | 51 (13.4%) | 0 | 28 (10.9%) | |
| 3 | 15 (3.2%) | 14 (23.7%) | 1 (3.4%) | 9 (14.3%) | 1 (2.9%) | 1 (2.1%) | 15 (4.0%) | 0 | 2 (0.8%) | |
| 4 | 4 (0.9%) | 4 (6.8%) | 0 | 4 (6.3%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0 | 3 (0.8%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0 | |
| 5 | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (1.7%) | 1 (3.4%) | 1 (1.6%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.2%) | 0 | |
| ADPKD | 9 (1.9%) | 3 (5.1%) | 2 (6.9%) | 4 (6.3%) | 1 (2.9%) | 4 (8.3%) | 7 (1.9%) | 2 (2.5%) | 5 (2.0%) | 0.9518 |
| Hypertension | 282 (60.5%) | 38 (64.4%) | 19 (65.6%) | 37 (58.7%) | 22 (62.9%) | 32 (66.7%) | 225 (59.4%) | 57 (67.9%) | 159 (62.1%) | 0.7516 |
| COPD | 70 (15.0%) | 12 (20.3%) | 6 (20.1%) | 11 (17.5%) | 4 (11.4%) | 9 (18.8%) | 63 (16.6% | 7 (8.2%) | 20 (7.8%) | 0.0049 |
| DM II | 20 (4.3%) | 3 (5.1%) | 1 (3.4%) | 6 (9.5%) | 4 (11.4%) | 3 (6.3%) | 11 (2.9%) | 9 (10.6%) | 19 (7.4%) | 0.0778 |
| Previous stroke | 43 (9.2%) | 9 (15.2%) | 4 (13.8%) | 9 (14.3%) | 7 (20.0%) | 5 (10.4%) | 36 (9.5%) | 7 (8.2%) | 42 (16.4%) | 0.0044 |
| Psychiatric disorder | 72 (15.4%) | 10 (16.9%) | 5 (17.2%) | 8 (12.7%) | 4 (11.4%) | 6 (12.5%) | 61 (16.1%) | 11 (13.1%) | 19 (7.4%) | 0.0018 |
| Earlier SAH (another aneurysm) | 78 (16.7%) | 12 (20.3%) | 1 (3.4%) | 8 (12.7%) | 6 (17.1%) | 3 (6.3%) | 69 (18.2%) | 9 (10.1%) | 14 (5.5%) | < 0.0001 |
| Smoking | 108 (23.2%) | 14 (23.7%) | 8 (27.6%) | 13 (20.6%) | 6 (17.1%) | 11 (22.9%) | 91 (24.1%) | 17 (20.5%) | 122 (47.7%) | < 0.0001 |
| Alcohol abuse | 30 (6.4%) | 6 (10.2%) | 2 (6.9%) | 6 (9.5%) | 1 (2.9%) | 3 (6.3%) | 25 (6.6%) | 5 (6.0%) | 21 (8.2%) | 0.3936 |
| Aneurysm in family history | 22 (4.7%) | 3 (5.1%) | 2 (6.9%) | 3 (4.8%) | 2 (5.7%) | 2 (4.2%) | 20 (5.3%) | 2 (2.4%) | 22 (8.6%) | 0.0390 |