Table 3.
Results of EFA on the 27-item PICASN (N = 203)
| Extracted Factors | Factor Loadings | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Factor 1 | Factor 2 | ||
| Item Number |
Factor 1: Basic Competencies as a Novice nurse (15 items) It is important for novice nurses to: |
||
| Q3 | Interact with patients with a caring attitude | 0.97 | |
| Q5 | Ask questions to other nurses to ensure patient safety | 0.94 | |
| Q8 | Use an appropriate professional manner of language | 0.89 | |
| Q9 | Dress and groom appropriately as expected of a nurse | 0.82 | |
| Q2 | Interact with patients intentionally | 0.77 | |
| Q4 | Develop a conversation tailored to the patient | 0.70 | |
| Q13 | Look up things they don’t understand on their own | 0.63 | |
| Q11 | Make great efforts for self-study every day | 0.59 | |
| Q15 | Understand senior nurses’ advice appropriately | 0.58 | |
| Q17 | Greet other staff in a positive manner | 0.57 | |
| Q14 | Ask questions after sorting out what they do not understand | 0.57 | |
| Q24 | Be honest about their mistakes and not hide them | 0.51 | |
| Q41 | Convey words of gratitude to the senior nurses who taught them | 0.49 | |
| Q6 | Speak from the patient’s point of view | 0.48 | |
| Q27 | Proactively check with senior nurses when they are unsure about something in their work | 0.48 | |
| Cronbach’s alpha = 0.94 | |||
|
Factor 2: Relationship-Building Skills within the Healthcare Team (12 items) It is important for novice nurses to: |
|||
| Q30 | Talk with senior nurses without hesitation | 0.83 | |
| Q31 | Be specific about the nursing care they want to be supported by senior nurses | 0.80 | |
| Q25 | Express their feelings to other staff nurses within their team during difficult times | 0.79 | |
| Q23 | Not become emotionally attached to the points raised by nurses in their team | 0.72 | |
| Q34 | Actively listen to senior nurses’ past experiences for their own growth | 0.71 | |
| Q32 | Ask senior nurses to provide care, which they cannot do by themselves | 0.67 | |
| Q22 | Be open to advice from other staff nurses | 0.63 | |
| Q29 | Adequately report their work progress to senior nurses | 0.63 | |
| Q18 | Verbalize what they understand | 0.61 | |
| Q36 | Find reliable seniors in their department | 0.55 | |
| Q42 | Proactively support busy nurses within their team | 0.49 | |
| Q28 | Report at the right time based on the senior nurses’ situation | 0.48 | |
| Cronbach’s alpha = 0.91 | |||
| Overall Cronbach’s alpha = 0.95 | |||