Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies and Quality Assessment.
| 1st Author[ref] | Year | Type of Workplace | No. | Bullying Scales | Quality (NOS) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arcangeli et al. [20] | 2014 | Hospital and Healthcare | 206 | NAQ-R | 8 |
| Balducci et al. [21] | 2020 | Hospital and Healthcare | 235 | NAQ-R | 6 |
| Balducci et al. [22] | 2009 | Hospital and Healthcare, Public and Private Services | 107 | NAQ | 7 |
| Balducci et al. [23] | 2012 | Hospital and Healthcare, Public Administration | 574 | NAQ | 6 |
| Balducci et al. [24] | 2015 | Public Administration | 609 | NAQ-R | 6 |
| Balducci et al. [25] | 2012 | Public Administration | 538 | NAQ | 7 |
| Bambi et al. [26] | 2018 | Hospital and Healthcare | 904 | QuINI | 7 |
| Bambi et al. [27] | 2014 | Hospital and Healthcare | 1202 | LHQ | 7 |
| Buselli et al. [28] | 2006 | Public Services, Hospital and Healthcare | 50 | CDL | 6 |
| Campanini et al. [29] | 2013 | Public Services, Public Administration, Industrial Services, Private Services | 8992 | CDL | 7 |
| Caputo et al. [30] | 2018 | Public and Private Services | 28 | .. | 5 |
| Chenevert et al. [31] | 2022 | Public Services | 159 | NAQ-R, S-NAQ | 6 |
| De Sio et al. [32] | 2020 | Hospital and Healthcare | 191 | HSE-IT | 7 |
| D’Errico et al. [7] | 2011 | Hospital and Healthcare, Public Administration, public Services | 60763 | .. | 6 |
| Fadda et al. [33] | 2015 | University and Academic | 221 | NAQ-R | 5 |
| Fattori et al. [34] | 2015 | Hospital and Healthcare | 755 | .. | 6 |
| Fenga et al. [35] | 2012 | Not Specified | 63 | LIPT Ege | 5 |
| Fiabane et al. [6] | 2015 | Not Specified | 113 | .. | 4 |
| Fida et al. [36] | 2018 | Hospital and Healthcare | 439 | NAQ | 6 |
| Fida et al. [37] | 2011 | Hospital and Healthcare, Public Services | 467 | MOHQ | 8 |
| Finstad et al. [38] | 2019 | Industrial Services | 512 | NAQ-R | 7 |
| Giorgi et al. [39] | 2011 | University Services | 3112 | NAQ-R | 6 |
| Giorgi et al. [40] | 2015 | Industrial Services, Public Services | 1393 | NAQ-R | 7 |
| Giorgi et al. [41] | 2015 | Hospital and Healthcare | 658 | NAQ-R | 8 |
| Giorgi et al. [42] | 2016 | Industrial Services, Public Services | 326 | NAQ-R | 6 |
| Giorgi et al. [43] | 2012 | Public Services | 371 | UNICLIMA, NAQ-R | 8 |
| Giorgi et al. [44] | 2009 | University and Academic, Hospital and Health Care, Public and private services | 926 | NAQ-R, MDOQ10 | 8 |
| Girardi et al. [45] | 2007 | Not Specified | 160 | .. | 5 |
| La Torre et al. [46] | 2022 | Hospital and Healthcare | 3129 | WVHS | 7 |
| Lo Presti et al. [47] | 2019 | Not Specified | 151 | .. | 4 |
| Nolfe et al. [48] | 2010 | Not Specified | 707 | .. | 6 |
| Nolfe et al. [49] | 2007 | Hospital and Healthcare, Public Administration, Public and Private Services | 533 | .. | 5 |
| Nolfe et al. [50] | 2012 | Not Specified | 234 | nQ-WD | 8 |
| Paciello et al. [51] | 2019 | Public and Private Services | 1019 | NAQ | 8 |
| Perbellini et al. [52] | 2012 | Not Specified | 449 | .. | 8 |
| Punzi et al. [53] | 2012 | Public Services, Public Administration | 100 | CDL | 8 |
| Raho et al. [54] | 2008 | Not Specified | 276 | QAM | 8 |
| Romano et al. [55] | 2007 | Public Administration, Public and Private Services | 500 | LIPT Ege | 4 |
| Romeo et al. [56] | 2013 | Public and Private Services | 48 | .. | 5 |
| Spagnoli et al. [57]* | 2017 | University and Academic | 141 | HSE-IT | 6 |
| Spagnoli et al. [58] | 2017 | Public and Private Services | 134 | S-NAQ | 6 |
| Vignoli et al. [59] | 2015 | Public Services | 541 | S-NAQ | 7 |
*Cohort study.
NAQ – Negative Acts Questionnaire; NAQ-R – Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised; S-NAQ – Short Negative Acts Questionnaire; QuINI – Questionnaire on Negative interactions between nurses; LHQ – Lateral Hostility Questionnaire; CDL – Questionnaire on bullying action; HSE-IT – Health Safety Executive Indicator Tool; LIPT Ege – Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror Ege Professional; MOHQ – Multidimensional Organizational Health Questionnaire; UNICLIMA - Organizational Climate Questionnaire; MDOQ10 – Majer D’Amato Organizational Questionnaire 10; WVHS – Workplace Violence in the Health Sector Country Case Studies Research Instruments Survey;nQ-WD – Naples Questionnaire Work Distress; QAM – Self-perceived bullying Questionnaire.