Table 1.
Sample Characteristics
| Variable | White (n = 162) |
African American (n = 65) |
Hispanic (n = 147) |
ANOVA p |
Post-hoc comparison p |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W versus AA | W versus H | H versus AA | |||||
| Age, y | 69.0 (9.4) | 69.3 (11.2) | 68.7 (9.5) | 0.903 | 0.983 | 0.944 | 0.908 |
| Education, y | 16.4 (2.6) | 13.9 (3.2) | 11.8 (4.5) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Sex, % Female | 51.2 | 73.8 | 77.6 | <0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.600 |
| Hollingshead | 26.5 (12.6) | 38.3 (16.0) | 47.9 (19.3) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Total medical history | 6.2 (2.9) | 5.7 (3.3) | 4.9 (2.9) | 0.001 | 0.423 | <0.001 | 0.226 |
| Self-rated physical health | 2.0 (0.7) | 2.1 (0.7) | 2.3 (0.8) | <0.001 | 0.300 | <0.001 | 0.170 |
| Self-rated mental health | 1.9 (0.7) | 2.0 (0.7) | 2.2 (0.7) | 0.004 | 0.737 | 0.003 | 0.172 |
| mPPT | 12.5 (2.4) | 10.4 (3.8) | 12.1 (2.4) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.560 | <0.001 |
| mCAIDE | 6.6 (4.1) | 7.8 (3.7) | 7.9 (3.7) | 0.007 | 0.062 | 0.012 | 0.999 |
| MoCA | 24.6 (4.3) | 21.4 (6.1) | 21.4 (5.2) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.992 |
| AD8 | 1.5 (1.8) | 1.7 (2.0) | 2.2 (2.1) | 0.011 | 0.876 | 0.010 | 0.181 |
| HADS-Anxiety | 4.9 (3.4) | 5.2 (3.2) | 5.8 (4.0) | 0.083 | 0.788 | 0.067 | 0.517 |
| HADS-Depression | 4.8 (3.8) | 5.1 (3.4) | 7.4 (5.4) | <0.001 | 0.860 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
Mean (SD) or %, W, White; AA, African American; H, Hispanic.
One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc Tukey honestly significant tests were used to analyze continuous variables. Chi-square tests with post-hoc Benjamini-Hochberg correction were used for categorical variables.
Bold indicates significant p-values.
SES, socioeconomic status; mPPT, mini-Physical Performance Test; mCAIDE, modified Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment.