TABLE 1.
Patient demographics and treatment characteristics
| Variable | Metro | Urban | Rural | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| Age | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | <0.001* |
|
| ||||
| 40–59 yrs | 9,019 (27.4) | 1,750 (26.8) | 211 (24.1) | |
| 60–79 yrs | 20,096 (61.1) | 4,168 (63.9) | 575 (65.6) | |
| 80+ yrs | 3,787 (11.5) | 609 (9.3) | 91 (10.4) | |
|
| ||||
| Gender | <0.001* | |||
|
| ||||
| Male | 16,524 (49.6) | 3,402 (51.6) | 483 (54.5) | |
| Female | 16,774 (50.4) | 3,197 (48.5) | 404 (45.6) | |
|
| ||||
| Race | <0.001* | |||
|
| ||||
| White | 27,214 (83.5) | 5,958 (91.7) | 816 (93.4) | |
| Black | 4,287 (13.2) | 456 (7.0) | 50 (5.7) | |
| Asian | 1,019 (3.1) | 41 (0.6) | 2 (0.2) | |
| Native American | 62 (0.2) | 41 (0.6) | 6 (0.7) | |
|
| ||||
| Median income | <0.001* | |||
|
| ||||
| Lowest quartile | 3,775 (12.8) | 1,904 (35.3) | 381 (50.5) | |
| Second quartile | 2,820 (9.5) | 1,479 (27.4) | 197 (26.1) | |
| Third quartile | 8,552 (28.9) | 1,623 (30.0) | 151 (20.0) | |
| Highest quartile | 14,470 (48.9) | 396 (7.3) | 25 (3.3) | |
|
| ||||
| Insurance status | <0.001* | |||
|
| ||||
| Private | 12,861 (39.7) | 2,234 (35.0) | 259 (30.4) | |
| Medicaid | 1,870 (5.8) | 347 (5.4) | 67 (7.9) | |
| Medicare | 16,655 (51.4) | 3,593 (56.4) | 504 (59.1) | |
| Uninsured | 1,006 (3.1) | 202 (3.2) | 23 (2.7) | |
|
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| Charlson Comorbidity Score | 0.1 | |||
|
| ||||
| 0 | 21,973 (69.0) | 4,234 (66.9) | 585 (68.3) | |
| 1 | 8,002 (25.1) | 1,699 (26.8) | 226 (26.4) | |
| 2 | 1,891 (5.9) | 411 (6.5) | 45 (5.3) | |
|
| ||||
| Regional Location | <0.001* | |||
|
| ||||
| West | 5,266 (16.0) | 38 (11.3) | 72 (8.2) | |
| Northeast | 7,351 (22.3) | 681 (10.4) | 26 (3.0) | |
| Midwest | 8,242 (25.1) | 2,294 (35.2) | 387 (44.1) | |
| South | 12,043 (36.6) | 2,814 (43.1) | 392 (44.7) | |
|
| ||||
| AJCC Stage | 0.47 | |||
|
| ||||
| 1 | 5,946 (17.9) | 1,162 (17.6) | 147 (16.6) | |
| 2 | 10,323 (31.0) | 1,996 (30.3) | 270 (30.4) | |
| 3 | 17,029 (51.1) | 3,441 (52.1) | 470 (53.0) | |
|
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| Treatment at academic center | <0.001* | |||
|
| ||||
| Yes | 17,107 (51.4) | 3,158 (47.9) | 374 (42.2) | |
| No | 16,191 (48.6) | 3,441 (52.1) | 513 (57.8) | |
|
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| Treatment at high- volume facility | <0.002 | |||
|
| ||||
| Yes | 13,894 (41.7) | 2,797 (57.6) | 320 (36.1) | |
| No | 19,404 (58.3) | 3,802 (42.4) | 567 (63.9) | |
|
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| Crowfly distance | <0.001* | |||
|
| ||||
| 11 (5-25.6) | 46.6 (28.2-76.3) | 75.8 (42.7-126.9) | ||
|
| ||||
| Fragmented care | <0.001* | |||
|
| ||||
| Yes | 9,294 (27.9%) | 2,029 (30.1%) | 284 (32.0%) | |
| No | 24,004 (72.1%) | 4,570 (69.3%) | 603 (68.0%) | |