TABLE 2.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of factors associated with curative-intent surgical resection.
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Variable | No surgery | Yes surgery | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|
| |||||
| Age | n (%) | n (%) | <0.001* | ||
|
| |||||
| 40–59 yrs | 5,603 (49.8) | 5,648 (50.2) | Ref | ||
| 60–79 yrs | 12,689 (49.7) | 12,855 (50.3) | 0.97 (0.91–1.04) | 0.46 | |
| 80+ yrs | 2,869 (62.4) | 1,728 (37.6) | 0.61 (0.55–0.68) | <0.001* | |
|
| |||||
| Gender | 0.188 | ||||
|
| |||||
| Male | 10,622 (50.7) | 10,345 (49.3) | |||
| Female | 10,727 (51.3) | 10,182 (48.7) | |||
|
| |||||
| Race | 0.001* | ||||
|
| |||||
| White | 17,760 (50.6) | 17,257 (49.4) | Ref | ||
| Black | 2,577 (52.9) | 2,297 (47.1) | 0.84 (0.77–0.91) | <0.001* | |
| Asian | 604 (55.0) | 494 (45.0) | 0.93 (0.79–1.09) | 0.374 | |
| Native American | 57 (50.4) | 56 (49.6) | 0.78 (0.63–0.87) | <0.001* | |
|
| |||||
| Insurance status | <0.001* | ||||
|
| |||||
| Private | 7,763 (49.2) | 8,005 (50.8) | Ref | ||
| Medicaid | 1,270 (54.3) | 1,068 (45.7) | 0.89 (0.79–1.01) | 0.066 | |
| Medicare | 11,055 (51.9) | 10,265 (48.2) | 0.99 (0.93–1.06) | 0.839 | |
| Uninsured | 643 (51.4) | 608 (48.6) | 0.78 (0.61–0.93) | 0.035* | |
|
| |||||
| Median income of zip code | <0.001* | ||||
|
| |||||
| First quartile | 3,103 (50.64) | 3,025 (49.36) | Ref | ||
| Second quartile | 2,275 (49.66) | 2,306 (50.34) | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 0.413 | |
| Third quartile | 5,590 (52.91) | 4,975 (47.09) | 0.94 (0.87–1.02) | 0.127 | |
| Fourth quartile | 7,766 (50.57) | 7,591 (49.43) | 0.98 (0.91–1.07) | 0.712 | |
|
| |||||
| Geographic location | 0.037* | ||||
|
| |||||
| Metro | 16,876 (50.7) | 16,422 (49.3) | Ref | ||
| Urban | 3,424 (51.9) | 3,175 (48.1) | 0.90 (0.83–0.97) | 0.008* | |
| Rural | 479 (54.0) | 408 (46.0) | 0.82 (0.69–0.99) | 0.039* | |
|
| |||||
| Regional Location | <0.001* | ||||
|
| |||||
| West | 3,502 (55.7) | 2,781 (44.3) | Ref | ||
| Northeast | 4,503 (54.1) | 3,826 (45.9) | 0.87 (0.80–0.95) | 0.002* | |
| Midwest | 5,562 (50.1) | 5,545 (49.9) | 1.13 (1.04–1.23) | 0.004* | |
| South | 7,594 (48.5) | 8,079 (51.6) | 1.21 (1.11–1.31) | <0.001* | |
|
| |||||
| AJCC Stage | <0.001* | ||||
|
| |||||
| 1 | 1,849 (24.8) | 5,615 (75.2) | Ref | ||
| 2 | 3,380 (26.2) | 9,513 (73.8) | 0.93 (0.86–1.00) | 0.053 | |
| 3 | 16,120 (74.91) | 5,399 (25.1) | 0.09 (0.08–0.10) | <0.001* | |
|
| |||||
| Charlson Comorbidity Score | <0.001* | ||||
|
| |||||
| 0 | 14,988 (53.2) | 13,192 (46.8) | Ref | ||
| 1 | 4,864 (47.0) | 5,485 (53.0) | 1.39 (1.31–1.48) | <0.001* | |
| 2 | 1,093 (44.0) | 1,336 (56.0) | 1.53 (1.38–1.71) | <0.001* | |
|
| |||||
| Facility type | <0.001* | ||||
|
| |||||
| Academic | 12,239 (59.0) | 8,519 (41.0) | Ref | ||
| Non-academic | 9,110 (43.1) | 12,008 (56.9) | 0.63 (0.59–0.67) | <0.001* | |
|
| |||||
| High-volume facility | <0.001* | ||||
|
| |||||
| No | 14,702 (60.2) | 9,734 (39.8) | Ref | ||
| Yes | 6,647 (38.1) | 10,793 (61.9) | 2.41 (2.26–2.56) | <0.001* | |