| Trichothecenes T2 |
Wheat and maize |
Portable
mass spectrophotometer |
MS parameter: heater 200 °C;
sample pump 0%; mass center: m/z = 484; mass
tolerance: 1; spectrum average: 10 |
Limit of detection
0.2 mg/kg |
(131) |
|
Alternaria toxin |
Fruits and vegetables |
QuEChERS
extraction followed by MS analysis |
Triple
quadrupole MS; pressure curtain gas 35
psi and collision gas 8 psi; ion spray voltage 5,500 V (positive ion
mode), and −4,500 V (negative ion mode) |
Detection
limit 1.0–5.0 μg/kg (Extraction
recoveries 73.0–120%) |
(132) |
| Repeatability <12.9% |
| Mycotoxins |
Standard sample |
UHPLC-QTrap-MS/MS |
Injection volume: 20 μL; column temperature: 30 °C;
flow rate: 0.2 mL min–1; mobile-phase 0.1% formic
acid+ acetonitrile run time: 25 min |
Limit of quantification
0.005 and 13.54 ng mL–1 (Limit of detection 0.001–9.88
ng mL–1;
0.005; Recovery 67.5–119.8%) |
(133) |
| Aflatoxin B1 and M1 |
Blood |
HPLC–MS/MS |
Allure PFPP column; positive electrospray ionization; source
temp 500 °C |
LOD
0.05 to 0.2 ng/mL; accuracy 92–111% |
(134) |
| Alternaria toxins |
Vegetable
sample |
UPLC–MS/MS |
ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column; injection volume:
5 μL, column temperature: 40 °C; flow rate 0.4 mL min–1, mobile phase: 0.1% formic acid water; gradient flow
10–90% |
Contaminated solanaceous vegetable: 41.1% |
(135) |
| AME: 4.26%; AOH: 6.38%; altenuene: 6.38%;
tentoxin: 42.6%;
tenuazonic acid: 55.3% |
| Aflatoxin M1 |
|
HPLC–MS/MS |
Quantitative
daughter m/z: 273; qualitative daughter m/z: 259; collision
energy 23 eV |
Quantification
limit 1.62 ppb; detection limit 0.54 ppb; 98.5%
accuracy |
(136) |
| Ochratoxin A |
Coffee and tea |
UHPLC–MS/MS |
Triple quadrupole MS; electrospray ionization, ion source temp
300 °C; flow rate 3 L/min |
Sensitivity 0.30 and 0.29 ng/mL |
(137) |
| Trichothecenes |
Oat based products |
U-HPLC–HRMS/MS |
Reverse phase column; electro-ionization
detector;
column temperature 40 °C; ethanol+water+formic acid gradient
elution |
Frequency of free T2 toxin 92% |
(138) |
| T2 mono glucoside 69% |
| Alternaria toxins |
Rice |
LC–MS/MS |
Separation
with hyper clone column and detection
with C18 column; detection with negative electrospray ionization,
source temperature 300 °C |
Limit of detection and
quantification |
(139) |
| AME: 0.03 and 0.09
μg/L; altenuene: 5.48 and 16.24 μg/L |
| Alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), Alternariol
(AOH), and
tentoxin |
Standard sample |
LC-ESI-MS/MS |
LC–MS/MS with triple quadrupole; separation at 25 °C
with C18 column; analysis with quadrupole MS, source temperature 450
°C; ion spray voltage 5500 V |
Limits of detection and quantitation: 0.7 and 3.5 ng/g recovery
80% |
(140) |
