. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 13.

Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Methods Primers. 2023 Apr 13;3:30. doi: 10.1038/s43586-023-00211-4

Table 2 |.

Summary of several nanomaterial-based contrast agents that are approved or trialled in the clinic

Imaging mode	Candidate	Approved trade name or ClinicalTrials.gov identifier	Phase
PET/SPECT	^99mTc sulfur colloids	Technecoll (USA)	Approved
PET/SPECT	¹²⁵I albumin colloids	Jeanatope (USA)	Approved
PET/SPECT	^99mTc SnF₂ colloids	Hepatate (France)	Approved
PET/SPECT	^99mTc Re₂O₇ colloids	Nanocis (EU)	Approved
PET/SPECT	⁸⁹Zr cRGDY silica	NCT03465618	1
PET/SPECT	Gd liposome	NCT05453539	1
MRI	Iron oxides	Feridex (USA)	Approved
MRI	Polysiloxane (AGuIX)	NCT04789486	1
Fluorescence	cRGDY silica (C dots)	NCT02106598	2
Fluorescence	pH-sensitive micelle (ONM-100)	NCT05048082	2
X-ray CT	Hafnium oxide (NBTXR3)	NCT04892173	3
X-ray CT	Ethiodized oil	Lipiodol (USA)	Approved

CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PET, positron emission tomography; SPECT, single photon emission computed tomography.