Table 1.
Comparison of DID of Most Commonly Used Antibiotics Between 2019 and 2021
| Antibiotics | DID 2019 | DID 2020 | DID 2021 | Net Increase in DID (%) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 24.8 | 24.7 | 44.1 | 19.3 (79%) | <.001 |
| Per oral | 18.8 | 18.8 | 35.6 | 16.8 (89.6) | <.001 |
| Intravenous | 6.0 | 5.9 | 8.5 | 2.5 (40) | .050 |
| Macrolides | 2.6 | 3.4 | 6.1 | 3.5 (135) | .067 |
| Third gen cephalosporin | 2.5 | 2.9 | 7.2 | 4.7 (182) | .057 |
| Carbapenems | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | NA | NA |
| Amoxicillin + Co-amoxiclav | 3.8 | 3.8 | 8.7 | 4.9 (118) | .039 |
| Aminoglycosides | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | … | .014 |
| Quinolones | 9.3 | 9.0 | 12.6 | 3.3 (35) | .009 |
| Anti-MRSAa | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.5 (80) | .985 |
| Tetracycline | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 | … | .161 |
| Penicillin | 4.3 | 4.2 | 9.1 | 4.8 (110) | .028 |
| PEP-TAZ | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.01 (183) | .956 |
| First and second gen cephalosporin | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.2 | 1.2 (115) | .844 |
| Sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.7 | 1.3 (90) | .123 |
Abbreviations: DID, daily dose per 1000 inhabitants per day; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
aAnti-MRSA-vancomycin, daptomycin, Sulfamethoxazole + trimethorpim, clindamycin and tigecycline.