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. 2023 Dec 20;3:188. doi: 10.1038/s43856-023-00423-5

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Risk differences (RDs) and two-sided 95% confidence intervals (CI) for substantial full-time sick leave taken 4 weeks to 9 months after the test date between SARS-CoV-2 test-positives and test-negatives for subgroups of a population of n = 88,818 individuals. Subgroups are defined by combinations of age, high BMI, and depression risk factors. Subgroups with unknown BMI (n = 6823) are not displayed. b Distribution of conditional risk differences (CRDs), estimated using out-of-bag prediction from the causal forest model, within subgroups of a population of n = 88,818 individuals. Subgroups are defined by combinations of age, high BMI, and depression risk factors. Subgroups with unknown BMI (n = 6823) are not displayed. The dashed line shows the average RD in the full population. The fraction of CRDs below and above this RD is printed for each combination of age, high BMI, and depression. Dark red indicates estimated CRDs significantly different from the average RD in the full population at a 5% significance level using a z-test with two-sided alternative.