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. 2023 Dec 20;13:22760. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-50116-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Oxidative stress in the whisker pad skin following maternal separation (MS). (a) Analyzed area of the whisker pad skin. (b) Microphotograph images of representative 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) immunoreactivity in the whisker pad skin of non-MS and MS rats at 7 weeks. Dotted square in the images indicate analyzed region. Scale bars indicate 100 µm. (c) 8-OHdG intensity in the whisker pad skin (n = 6 in each). **P < 0.01, unpaired t-test. (d) Plasma antioxidant capacity of MS and non-MS rats (n = 10 in each group). **P < 0.01, unpaired t-test. (e) Complex I activity in the whisker pad skin of MS and non-MS rats (n = 5–6 in each group). P = 0.07, unpaired t-test.