Table 2.

Bartonella species used for assay development with Illumina sequencing results of each target with singular PCR amplicon sequencing and quadruplex PCR amplicon sequencing.

Bartonella species	Animal reservoir	Vector	Singular PCR amplicon sequencing				Quadruplex PCR amplicons sequencing				Results
			gltA	ssrA	groEL	rpoB	gltA	ssrA	groEL	rpoB
Bartonella alsatica	Rabbits	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Nine species identified by four targets
Bartonella bovis	Cattle	Biting flies? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bartonella doshiae	Field voles	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bartonella grahamii	Bank voles	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bartonella henselae	Cats	Fleas	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bartonella koehlerae	Cats	Fleas	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bartonella melophagi	Sheep	Sheep keds	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bartonella schoenbuchensis	Roe deer	Biting flies? tIcks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bartonella silvicola	Rats	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Bartonella phoceensis	Rats	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x	Yes	Yes	Thirteen species identified by three targets
Bartonella tribocorum	Rats	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x	Yes	Yes
Bartonella quintana	Human	Human body lice	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x	Yes
Bartonella rochalimae	Canids?	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x	Yes
Bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis	Deer mice	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x	Yes
Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii	Coyotes	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x	Yes
Bartonella vinsonii subsp. vinsonii	Meadow voles	Ear mites	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x	Yes
Bartonella elizabethae	Rats	Fleas?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x
Bartonella japonica	Field mice	Unknown	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x
Bartonella rattimassiliensis	Rats	Unknown	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x
Bartonella taylorii	Wood mice	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x
Bartonella volans	Fly squirrels	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x
Bartonella washoensis	Ground squirrels	Fleas? Ticks?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x
Bartonella clarridgeiae	Cats	Fleas	Yes	Yes	Yes	x	Yes	Yes	x	x	Two species identified by two targets
Bartonella tamiae	Unknown	Unknown	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	x	x

Three replicates of each sample were tested. Yes, identical sequences of the target for the Bartonella species were obtained for all three replicates; x, sequences of the target for the Bartonella species were obtained in ≤ 2 replicates.