Table 2.
Associations of eczema clusters with allergic comorbidities and eczema in adolescence: results from multinomial logistic regression using children with ≥ 2 observations on eczema (reference class: no eczema) using weighted membership probabilities
| Associations with allergic comorbidities in adolescence (age 14–18 years)a | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Current asthmab | Asthma ever | Current rhinitis | |
| NOE | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| ETE | 1.20 (0.95–1.50) | 1.50 (1.28–1.75) | 1.24 (1.06–1.45) |
| P-value | 0.122 | < 0.001 | 0.006 |
| LOE | 1.32 (0.95–1.50) | 1.48 (1.19–1.83) | 1.28 (1.04–1.58) |
| P-value | 0.07 | < 0.001 | 0.02 |
| PE | 3.29 (2.66–4.08) | 3.47 (2.94–4.10) | 2.44 (2.06–2.89) |
| P-value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| INT | 2.24 (1.71–2.94) | 2.32 (1.89–2.85) | 1.94 (1.58–2.38) |
| P-value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Associations with sensitization in adolescence (SEATON, MAAS, IOW)a | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grass | HDM | Cat | At least one positive SPT | |
| NOE | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| ETE | 1.49 (1.15–1.93) | 1.35 (1.03–1.76) | 1.37 (0.97–1.94) | 1.48(1.16–1.89) |
| P-value | 0.003 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.001 |
| Late onset | 1.35 (0.96–1.90) | 1.55 (1.10–2.17) | 1.31 (0.83–2.07) | 1.36 (0.99–1.86) |
| P-value | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.24 | 0.05 |
| Persistent | 3.04 (2.29–4.05) | 2.53 (1.90–3.38) | 3.98 (2.87–5.51) | 2.99 (2.25–3.99) |
| P-value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| INT | 2.67 (1.91–3.75) | 1.88 (1.33–2.67) | 2.59 (1.73–3.87) | 2.38 (1.71–3.34) |
| P-value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Weights derived from probabilities of class membership across 10 imputation samples from the Partitioning Around Medoids model. Results are reported as adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Significant P-values are highlighted in bold. ETE, early transient eczema; HDM, house-dust mite; INT, intermittent eczema; LOE, late-onset eczema; NOE, no eczema; PE, persistent eczema; SPT, skin prick test. aModels adjusted for parental history of allergic diseases (recruitment), parental smoking (recruitment), sex, breastfeeding status, presence of a pet in the home (recruitment) and low birthweight. bAvailable at the latest follow-up [18 years in Isle of Wight (IOW), 16 years in Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study (MAAS), 15 years in SEATON (Aberdeen), 15 years in Ashford and 15 years in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)].