Table 1.
An overview of the demographic characteristics of the participants.
| Variables | Participants' category | Number of participants |
Average number of ethno-species listed |
||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interviews |
Online questionnaire |
Interviews |
Online questionnaire |
||||||||||||||
| (Men + Women) |
(Men + Women) |
||||||||||||||||
| % | T | W | M | % | T | W | M | % | T | W | M | % | T | W | M | ||
| Age (years) | Gender | 239 | 129 | 110 | 121 | 63 | 58 | 415 | 257 | 158 | 300 | 155 | 145 | ||||
| <25 | 34.7 | 83 | 34 | 49 | 6.6 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 28.7 | 119 | 47 | 72 | 6.7 | 20 | 13 | 7 | |
| 25–34 | 25.1 | 60 | 40 | 20 | 29.8 | 36 | 17 | 19 | 28.9 | 120 | 89 | 31 | 31.7 | 95 | 42 | 53 | |
| 35–44 | 31.0 | 74 | 42 | 32 | 27.3 | 33 | 19 | 14 | 28.9 | 120 | 91 | 29 | 25.7 | 77 | 42 | 35 | |
| 45–54 | 7.5 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 19.8 | 24 | 15 | 9 | 15.9 | 66 | 44 | 22 | 18.0 | 54 | 32 | 22 | |
| 55–64 | 0.4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12.4 | 15 | 5 | 10 | 0.5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 9.7 | 29 | 8 | 21 | |
| 65–74 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.0 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.7 | 17 | 11 | 6 | |
| Place | ≤75 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| City | 77.4 | 185 | 88 | 97 | 71.9 | 87 | 48 | 39 | 82.4 | 342 | 225 | 117 | 76.7 | 230 | 120 | 110 | |
| Literacy | Village | 22.2 | 53 | 42 | 11 | 28.9 | 35 | 16 | 19 | 23.6 | 98 | 84 | 14 | 23.7 | 71 | 33 | 38 |
| Illiterate | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.4 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.3 | 16 | 14 | 2 | |
| Primary education | 2.9 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 5.0 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 1.2 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1.3 | 4 | 1 | 3 | |
| Secondary education | 18.4 | 44 | 17 | 27 | 43.0 | 52 | 20 | 32 | 15.4 | 64 | 28 | 36 | 42.0 | 126 | 45 | 81 | |
| Bachelor | 72.4 | 173 | 101 | 72 | 43.8 | 53 | 32 | 21 | 69.2 | 287 | 208 | 79 | 42.3 | 127 | 78 | 49 | |
| Source knowledge | Postgraduate | 1.7 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1.7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3.4 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 3.7 | 11 | 9 | 2 |
| Family | 77.8 | 186 | 97 | 89 | 83.5 | 101 | 53 | 48 | 78.3 | 325 | 210 | 115 | 75.7 | 227 | 116 | 111 | |
| Social media | 8.8 | 21 | 10 | 11 | 21.5 | 26 | 12 | 14 | 8.4 | 35 | 31 | 4 | 19.3 | 58 | 33 | 25 | |
| Internet | 9.6 | 23 | 14 | 9 | 28.9 | 35 | 17 | 18 | 12.8 | 53 | 19 | 34 | 24.3 | 73 | 34 | 39 | |
| Books | 3.3 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 5.0 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 1.9 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 4.3 | 13 | 13 | ||
| Plant part | Leaves | 45.2 | 108 | 63 | 45 | 66.1 | 80 | 40 | 40 | 34.5 | 143 | 75 | 68 | 37.3 | 112 | 60 | 52 |
| Stem | 11.3 | 27 | 13 | 14 | 18.2 | 22 | 10 | 12 | 11.6 | 48 | 22 | 26 | 12.7 | 38 | 12 | 26 | |
| Peel | 2.5 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 5.8 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 2.4 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 2.0 | 6 | 2 | 4 | |
| Root | 11.3 | 27 | 13 | 14 | 20.7 | 25 | 10 | 15 | 6.3 | 26 | 12 | 14 | 8.7 | 26 | 8 | 18 | |
| Flower | 11.7 | 28 | 19 | 9 | 11.6 | 14 | 11 | 3 | 7.5 | 31 | 18 | 13 | 8.3 | 25 | 16 | 9 | |
| Seeds | 30.5 | 73 | 51 | 22 | 61.2 | 74 | 41 | 33 | 20.2 | 84 | 55 | 29 | 35.0 | 105 | 57 | 48 | |
| Fruit | 11.3 | 27 | 13 | 14 | 27.3 | 33 | 17 | 16 | 6.0 | 25 | 10 | 15 | 12.3 | 37 | 13 | 24 | |
| Gum | 5.9 | 14 | 9 | 5 | 12.4 | 15 | 8 | 7 | 5.1 | 21 | 15 | 6 | 7.7 | 23 | 12 | 11 | |
| Whole plant | 6.7 | 16 | 10 | 6 | 36.4 | 44 | 19 | 25 | 7.0 | 29 | 19 | 10 | 16.7 | 50 | 23 | 27 | |
| Preparation | Decoction | 53.1 | 127 | 78 | 49 | 98.3 | 119 | 67 | 52 | 36.1 | 150 | 96 | 54 | 57.3 | 172 | 91 | 81 |
| Crushed | 28.9 | 69 | 45 | 24 | 33.9 | 41 | 19 | 12 | 16.6 | 69 | 37 | 32 | 13.0 | 39 | 22 | 17 | |
| Powder | 5.0 | 12 | 5 | 7 | 21.5 | 26 | 13 | 13 | 4.1 | 17 | 10 | 7 | 17.3 | 52 | 33 | 19 | |
| Extract | 2.5 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 6.6 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 1.0 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1.7 | 5 | 4 | 1 | |
| Raw | 10.9 | 26 | 17 | 9 | 14.9 | 18 | 7 | 11 | 7.0 | 29 | 19 | 10 | 11.3 | 34 | 14 | 20 | |
| Paste | 4.6 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 6.6 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 4.8 | 20 | 17 | 3 | 2.7 | 8 | 3 | 5 | |
| Juice | 7.1 | 17 | 12 | 5 | 10.7 | 13 | 3 | 10 | 4.8 | 20 | 11 | 9 | 6.3 | 19 | 3 | 16 | |
| Fresh | 3.3 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 2.5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1.9 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 1.0 | 3 | 1 | 2 | |
| Administration | Oral ingestion | 74.1 | 177 | 105 | 72 | 132.2 | 160 | 88 | 72 | 53.7 | 223 | 123 | 100 | 64.3 | 193 | 86 | 107 |
| Mouth wash | 3.8 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 13.2 | 16 | 9 | 7 | 2.2 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 7.3 | 22 | 10 | 12 | |
| Rub in | 7.5 | 18 | 11 | 7 | 24.8 | 30 | 17 | 13 | 5.3 | 22 | 15 | 7 | 8.7 | 26 | 21 | 5 | |
| On wound | 2.1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1.7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2.2 | 9 | 3 | 6 | 3.3 | 10 | 10 | ||
| Feminine wash | 0.8 | 2 | 2 | 1.7 | 2 | 2 | 0.5 | 2 | 2 | 0.0 | 1 | ||||||
| Chewing | 4.2 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 5.8 | 7 | 1 | 6 | 3.4 | 14 | 11 | 3 | 3.7 | 11 | 2 | 9 | |
| Fumigation | 2.1 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2.5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1.2 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1.0 | 3 | 1 | 2 | |
| Hair wash | 0.4 | 1 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1 | 0.0 | ||||||||||
M=Men, W=Women.