Table 2.

Cardiorespiratory fitness, phonemic fluency, and semantic fluency performance data.

	Total Sample (n = 35)		MCI (n = 17)		HC (n = 18)		Time	Group × Time
	Before	After	Before	After	Before	After
	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)	p-value (η2p)	p-value (η2p)
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
${(\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{2\text{peak}})$ (ml/kg/min)	19.6 (4.5)	21.4 (3.7)	19.1 (4.1)	21.5 (3.4)	20.1(4.9)	21.2 (4.1)	0.004 (0.245)	0.240 (0.046)
Phonemic Fluency
Switches	4.9 (3.2)	5.9 (3.5)	3.7 (2.5)	5.2 (3.6)	5.9 (3.4)	6.6 (3.3)	0.038 (0.124)	0.360 (0.025)
Cluster Size	7.6 (3.4)	8.6 (4.0)	6.3 (3.1)	7.7 (4.3)	8.9 (3.4)	9.5 (4.0)	0.060 (0.103)	0.447 (0.018)
Log Frequency	8.7 (1.4)	9.3 (1.0)	8.8 (1.2)	9.4 (1.3)	8.7 (1.6)	9.3 (0.7)	0.016 (0.163)	0.901 (0.000)
Age of Acquisition	19.9 (3.6)	20.1 (2.7)	20.1 (3.9)	19.8 (3.3)	19.9 (3.5)	20.4 (2.1)	0.763 (0.003)	0.368 (0.025)
Number of Syllables	5.2 (1.1)	5.1 (1.0)	5.2 (1.3)	4.9 (1.0)	5.2 (1.0)	5.4 (0.9)	0.696 (0.015)	0.034 (0.129)
Semantic Fluency
Switches	3.9 (1.6)	4.6 (2.2)	3.5 (1.7)	3.3 (1.9)	4.2 (1.6)	5.6 (1.9)	0.115 (0.081)	0.032 (0.144)
Cluster Size	4.9 (1.6)	5.6 (2.2)	4.5 (1.7)	4.3 (2.0)	5.2 (1.6)	6.6 (1.9)	0.115 (0.081)	0.032 (0.144)
Log Frequency	2.7 (0.3)	2.7 (0.3)	2.8 (0.3)	2.7 (0.4)	2.6 (0.2)	2.6 (0.1)	0.330 (0.031)	0.873 (0.001)
Age of Acquisition	5.3 (0.7)	5.2 (0.6)	5.0 (0.7)	5.0 (0.7)	5.5 (0.6)	5.4 (0.5)	0.553 (0.012)	0.751 (0.003)
Number of Syllables	1.6 (0.3)	1.6 (0.3)	1.6 (0.2)	1.6 (0.3)	1.6 (0.2)	1.7 (0.2)	0.513 (0.014)	0.427 (0.020)

Notes: MCI, Mild Cognitive Impairment; HC, Healthy Cognition; ${(\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{2\text{peak}})$, peak rate of oxygen consumption; p-values and effect size (η²_p) reflect the Time and Group × Time effects from repeated measures ANOVA; Bold indicates p < 0.05.