Net proton movements in suspensions of WT (A, B, D, and E) and pxcA (C and F) cells upon switching the light on (arrow down) and off (arrow up). The cells were suspended in 0.2 mM TES-KOH buffer (pH 8.0) containing 15 mM KCl (A and D) or NaCl (B, C, E, and F) in the absence (A to C) and presence (D to F) of 1 mM DMBQ. The chlorophyll concentration in the cell suspension was 14 μg/ml.