Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), with and without sickle cell disease (SCD), and by Black or non-Black race
| SCD |
Non-SCD |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Black |
Non-Black |
Black |
Non-Black |
Unadjusted OR SCD vs. non-SCD | Adjusted† OR SCD vs. non-SCD | |||||
| Number of Patients | 1879 | 139 | 598726 | 1593335 | ||||||
|
| ||||||||||
| Age (years) | ††0.57 (0.55, 0.58) *** | ††0.62 (0.60, 0.64) *** | ||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 43.2 (13.3) | 48.9 (16.8) | 58.4 (15.5) | 63.8 (15.7) | ||||||
| Median (IQR) | 44 (34, 52) | 49 (37, 60) | 59 (48, 70) | 66 (55, 76) | ||||||
| Age Group | ||||||||||
| <18 | 32 | 1.7% | <11 | N/A | 4812 | 0.8% | 16762 | 1.1% | ||
| 18–30 | 345 | 18.4% | 13 | 9.4% | 23696 | 4.0% | 41084 | 2.6% | ||
| 31–40 | 405 | 21.6% | 25 | 18.0% | 50556 | 8.4% | 75084 | 4.7% | ||
| 41–50 | 539 | 28.7% | 34 | 24.5% | 95458 | 15.9% | 159613 | 10.0% | ||
| 51–60 | 383 | 20.4% | 30 | 21.6% | 141139 | 23.6% | 295856 | 18.6% | ||
| 61–70 | 130 | 6.9% | 18 | 12.9% | 142396 | 23.8% | 398127 | 25.0% | ||
| 71–80 | >11 | N/A | <11 | N/A | 101024 | 16.9% | 396473 | 24.9% | ||
| >80 | <11 | N/A | <11 | N/A | 39645 | 6.6% | 210336 | 13.2% | ||
| Male Sex | 973 | 51.8% | 76 | 54.7% | 307684 | 51.4% | 923885 | 58.0% | 1.18 (1.09, 1.29) *** | 1.17 (1.07, 1.27) *** |
| Hispanic Ethnicity | 19 | 1.0% | 42 | 30.2% | 8959 | 1.5% | 296665 | 18.6% | 0.15 (0.10, 0.22) *** | 0.95 (0.72, 1.24) |
| First ESRD Event Modality Type | ||||||||||
| Hemodialysis | 1638 | 87.2% | 122 | 87.8% | 557154 | 93.1% | 1406547 | 88.3% | Reference Group | Reference Group |
| Peritoneal Dialysis | 228 | 12.1% | >11 | N/A | 35745 | 6.0% | 134963 | 8.5% | 1.58 (1.38, 1.81) *** | 1.00 (0.85, 1.17) |
| Transplant | >11 | N/A | <11 | N/A | 5104 | 0.9% | 49104 | 3.1% | 0.29 (0.17, 0.49) *** | 0.24 (0.14, 0.41) *** |
| Unknown | <11 | N/A | <11 | N/A | 723 | 0.1% | 2721 | 0.2% | ||
| Initial Hemodialysis Access | ||||||||||
| Arterio-Venous Fistula | 84 | 4.5% | <11 | N/A | 49664 | 8.3% | 149776 | 9.4% | Reference Group | Reference Group |
| Graft | 71 | 3.8% | <11 | N/A | 16811 | 2.8% | 25017 | 1.6% | 3.80 (2.81, 5.15) *** | 2.96 (2.18, 4.02) *** |
| Catheter | 836 | 44.5% | 68 | 48.9% | 294325 | 49.2% | 757059 | 47.5% | 1.82 (1.48, 2.26) *** | 1.43 (1.15, 1.78) ** |
| None/Other/Unknown | 888 | 47.3% | 57 | 41.0% | 237926 | 39.7% | 661483 | 41.5% | ||
| Pre-ESKD Nephrology Care | ||||||||||
| None | 731 | 38.9% | 46 | 33.1% | 207870 | 34.7% | 535221 | 33.6% | Reference Group | Reference Group |
| < 6 Months | 152 | 8.1% | <11 | N/A | 48983 | 8.2% | 138909 | 8.7% | 0.96 (0.80, 1.16) | 1.23 (1.01, 1.48) * |
| 6–12 Months | 228 | 12.1% | >11 | N/A | 77071 | 12.9% | 211982 | 13.3% | 0.93 (0.79, 1.10) | 1.33 (1.13, 1.58) *** |
| > 12 Months | 293 | 15.6% | 16 | 11.5% | 92485 | 15.4% | 307508 | 19.3% | 0.86 (0.74, 1.00) | 1.43 (1.22, 1.69) *** |
| Unknown | 474 | 25.2% | 52 | 37.4% | 172293 | 28.8% | 399661 | 25.1% | ||
| Co-morbid Conditions | ||||||||||
| Atherosclerotic Heart Disease | 37 | 2.0% | <11 | N/A | 46764 | 7.8% | 210243 | 13.2% | 0.16 (0.12, 0.21) *** | 0.39 (0.29, 0.54) *** |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 522 | 27.8% | 29 | 20.9% | 168701 | 28.2% | 494474 | 31.0% | 0.87 (0.76, 0.96) ** | 2.07 (1.87, 2.30) *** |
| Cerebrovascular Disease | 141 | 7.5% | <11 | N/A | 56973 | 9.5% | 136861 | 8.6% | 0.80 (0.68, 0.95) * | 1.43 (1.21, 1.71) *** |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 75 | 4.0% | <11 | N/A | 205068 | 34.3% | 526230 | 33.0% | 0.08 (0.06, 0.10) *** | 0.10 (0.08, 0.12) *** |
| Hypertension | 1313 | 69.9% | 79 | 56.8% | 515443 | 86.1% | 1280527 | 80.4% | 0.49 (0.45, 0.54) *** | 0.53 (0.48, 0.59) *** |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease | 63 | 3.4% | <11 | NA | 54733 | 9.1% | 220991 | 13.9% | 0.24 (0.18, 0.30) *** | 0.71 (0.55, 0.91) ** |
†
Adjusted for Age, Sex, Race, Ethnicity, Initial Treatment Modality, Access, Nephrology Care, and Comorbidities
††
For an increase in 10 years age
*
p < 0.05
**
p < 0.01
***
p < 0.001