Table 3.
Comparative nutrient composition and content of Yak milk and Holstein milk. (Ma et al., 2017; Wu et al., 2018, Xi et al., 2017).
| Nutrient composition | Maiwa yak milk | Gannan yak milk | Holstein milk |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protein/% | 3.68 ∼ 4.06 | 5.34 ∼ 6.30 | 2.94 ∼ 3.14 |
| casein /（g/kg） | 39.20 ± 1.04 | 37.30 ± 1.37 | 25.1 |
| αs1-casein /casein/% | 29.23 | 30.38 | ∼40 |
| αs2-casein/casein/% | 11.15 | 12.41 | ∼10 |
| β-casein/casein/% | 47.35 | 44.86 | ∼35 |
| κ-casein/casein/% | 12.27 | 12.36 | ∼15 |
| whey protein/（g/kg） | 9.57 ± 0.64 | 10.08 ± 0.71 | 5.7 |
| α-lactalbumin/whey protein/% | 3.13 | 4.76 | 52.9 ∼ 53.6 |
| β-lactoglobulin/whey protein/% | 67.12 | 58.83 | 18.4 ∼ 20.1 |
| serum albumin/whey protein/% | 13.27 | 6.45 | 5.5 ∼ 7.6 |
| Fat/% | 3.51 ∼ 5.93 | 6.21 ∼ 7.65 | 3.49 ∼ 3.67 |
| Type of fatty acid（g/100 g） | |||
| Short chain fatty acid | 1.11 | 0.93 | 2.21 |
| Medium chain fatty acid | 3.51 | 2.91 | 7.81 |
| Long chain fatty acid | 95.38 | 96.16 | 89.98 |
| Saturated fatty acid | 63.95 | 63.35 | 63.94 |
| Monounsaturated fatty acids | 31.54 | 32.97 | 27.23 |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids | 4.51 | 3.68 | 3.24 |
| Lactose/% | 5.52 ∼ 6.10 | 4.12 ∼ 5.08 | 4.24 ∼ 4.54 |
| Total solids/% | 17.51 | 17.27 ∼ 19.57 | 11.60 ∼ 11.82 |