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Schematic representation of telomere structure with the shelterin complex (TRF1, TRF2, TIN2, POT1, TPP1, and RAP1 proteins), and the main components of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT): its RNA component (TERC), the protein dyskerin, and other associated proteins (NHP2, NOP10, and GAR1). Replicative stress leads to progressive short dysfunctional telomeres, which cause end-to-end fusion of chromosomes and/or cell senescence or apoptosis.
