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Overview of the main functions of TERRA. (a) For long telomeres (left), TERRA can bind to telomerase, repressing its activity; when a telomere is critically short (right), the repression of TERRA expression is removed. (b) TERRA interacts with shelterin proteins by enhancing chromosome-end protection with secondary protective structures, including G-quadruplexes; (c) TERRA contributes to maintaining heterochromatin formation via the recruitment of chromatin proteins.
