Table 5.

Clinical studies with NAC in other cardiac diseases.

Patient Information	Intervention	Outcome	Ref.
Pts (76 M and 58 F, YOA: 46–78) with end-stage renal failure	NAC orally 600 mg bid for 2 years	Reduced composite cardiovascular end points	[16]
Pts (29 M and 11 F, YOA: 58–70) with stable angina pectoris who underwent CABG	NAC i.v. 50 mg/kg/day for 3 days	Decreased pump-induced oxidoinflammatory response during CPB	[21]
Pts (31 M and 9 F, YOA: 57–75) with elective or urgent CABG	NAC i.v. 100 mg/kg into cardiopulmonary bypass prime followed by infusion at 20 mg/kg/h	Attenuated myocardial oxidative stress in the hearts of patients subjected to cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest	[22]
Pts (12 M and 2 F, YOA: 20–67) with severe chronic CHF	NAC i.v. 100 mg/kg body w.t. for over 30 min with 40–120 mg ISDN orally	Activated and potentiated the action of organic nitrates, improved CHF	[31]
Pts (14 M and 5 F, YOA: 12–63) with disease-free soft tissue sarcoma and doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy	NAC orally 5.5 g/m2 daily for 30 days	Had no effect in reversing longstanding doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy	[32]
Pts (YOA: >18) with a suspected, or confirmed diagnosis of Takotsubo Syndrome	NAC i.v. 10 g over 24 h	Will evaluate a therapeutic option in acute attacks of Takotsubo Syndrome	[83]

NAC: N-acetylcysteine; Pts: patients; M: male; F: female; YOA: years of age; mg: milligram; kg: kilogram; h: hour; Ref: references; i.v.: intravenous infusion; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass; CHF: congestive heart failure: ISDN: isosorbide dinitrate.