Table 1.

Role of mangiferin in cancer prevention through different mechanisms of action.

Action on	Cancer	Cell Line	Dose	Outcome	Refs.
Inflammation	Gastric	AGS	10, 20, 50 & 100 μg/mL	iNOS protein expression as well as COX-2 downregulated with increased concentration of mangiferin	[26]
Cell cycle	Blood	HL-60	20–250 µM	Mangiferin alters cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.	[27]
	Lung	A549	25 µg/mL	Mangiferin administration, more cells were arrested in the sub-G1 phase	[28]
Apoptosis	Prostate	PC3	20 & 40 µM	Apoptosis of prostate cancer cells was increased by mangiferin treatment	[29]
	Ovarian	Ovcar3	25 µg/mL	Cells treated with mangiferin showed membrane blebbing, shrinkage of cytoplasm and nucleus	[30]
PI3K/Akt	Gastric	SGC-7901	5 & 10 µmol/L	Expression of p-mTOR, p-PI3K, and p-Akt, were lowered by mangiferin treatment.	[31]
Metalloproteinase	Prostate	LNCaP	400 µM	Cell stimulation with TNF-α enhanced MMP-9 expression; while mangiferin suppressed this effect	[32]
	Breast	MDA-MB-231	12, 25 & 50 µM	Mangiferin was negatively regulate MMP-9 and -7	[33]
Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition	Breast	MDA-MB-231 and BT-549	12, 25 & 50 µM	Anticancer potential induced by mangiferin via modulation of MMP-7 and -9, and EMT	[33]
Nrf2	Blood	HL60	50, 100 or 200 μM	Dose-dependent increase in the Nrf2 protein level after mangiferin treatment	[34]
	Blood	HL60	50, 100 & 200 mol/L	Mangiferin increased the whole-cell buildup of Nrf2 protein.	[35]