Table 1.

Characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review. PTSD: post-traumatic stress disease; DEP: depression; IPV: intimate partner violence; ED: emotional dysregulation; RSB: risky sexual behavior; NSSI: non-suicidal self-injury; CSA: child sexual abuse; ASA: adult sexual abuse.

Study	Date	Country	Quality Rating	Sample Size	Population	Mean Age	ED Scale	Trauma/PTSD Scale	Another Psychopathological Scale	Main Findings
Marsee et al. [24]	2008	USA	Good	166	61% Female and 3% Caucasian	14.97	ADI	HURTE	PCS RI	Specific types of aggressive responses, particularly those that involve poorly regulated emotion, thus may be especially common following a traumatic event such as a hurricane.
Lilly et al. [25]	2013	USA	Good	404	Undergraduate: n = 290; and IPV: n = 114	22.37	DERS	PDS TLEQ	ECR-R WAS SOM DEP	Disruption in the ability to regulate emotions is the most consistent predictor of mental health in survivors of interpersonal trauma.
Valdez et al. [26]	2014	USA	Good	406	Female: n = 228; Male: n = 178	16.99	AD	DIS-IV	D-ARK	Emotion dysregulation was a stronger predictor of depressive symptoms for females than males.
Tull et al. [27]	2015	USA	Fair	151	100% Women n = 106; 76.7% African American; 21.4% White; 2.8% Multiracial; 1.9% Latina	21.9	DERS PASAT-C	LEC PCL	PANAS-NA DUQ	Emotion dysregulation may increase risk for substance use among women experiencing PTS symptoms.
Bennett et al. [28]	2015	USA	Good	225	Female: n = 83; Male: n = 142	16.23	DERS	PTSD-RI	PDEQ-C A-DES ENS	The presence of peritraumatic dissociation at the time of trauma may contribute to the continuation of dissociative symptoms as a more generalized pattern.
Tripp et al. [29]	2015	USA	Good	240	Female: n = 168	21.43	DERS	PCL-S	DDQ PANAS	Gender-specific interventions targeting emotion dysregulation may be effective in reducing alcohol-related consequences in individuals with PTSD.
Chaplo et al. [30]	2015	USA	Good	525	Male: n = 392; Female n = 133	16.11	DERS	PTSD-RI-AV	A-DES SASI-C	Dissociation and emotion dysregulation play in the relation between sexual abuse and self-injury.
Klanecky et al. [31]	2016	USA	Good	213	Male: n = 135; Female n = 78	19.56	DERS	ETI-SR-SF PCL-C	AUDIT DES-II	Drinking increased as dissociative tendencies increased and relations between the vulnerability factors (including emotional dysregulation).
Modrowski and Kerig [32]	2017	USA	Good	842	Female: n = 219; Male: n = 623	16.10	DERS	UCLA PTSD-RI	BBTS PDEQ-C	Dissociative subtype (with ED) membership may be more common in youth, particularly among those youths involved in the justice system.
Viana et al. [33]	2018	USA	Fair	74	52.0% Female	15.1	DERS	CPSS	CASI	Difficulties recognizing and accurately understanding emotions may increase risk for PTSD symptoms among trauma-exposed youth.
Charak et al. [34]	2018	USA	Good	809	MA: n = 327; VE: n = 337; PV: n = 145	16.08	DERS	PTSD-RI	MAY SI-2	Most justice-involved youths have experienced substantial adversity and evidence the most severe problems in emotion dysregulation and PTSD, internalizing and externalizing symptoms.
Weiss et al. [35]	2019	USA	Good	491	100% Women; 60.0% White; 36.2% Black/African American; 5.6% Latina; 4.5% American Indian; 4.3% Asian; 2.7% Other	21.80	DERS	LEC PCL	RSB	Provide support for the mediating roles of nonacceptance of negative emotions and difficulties controlling behaviors when distressed in the relation between PTSD symptoms and later RSB.
Trent et al. [36]	2019	USA	Fair	50	52.0% Female	15.5	DERS	CPSS	PTI CDI	Exposure to maternal threatening behaviors is related to more severe depressive symptoms among children with greater deficits in emotional clarity.
Raudales et al. [37]	2020	USA	Fair	60	Young Adult: n = 32; Undergraduate Research: n = 28	20.52	DERS	PCL-5	SCID-5 RSDI PANAS-NA	Emotion dysregulation is one mechanism which may confer vulnerability to PTSD symptomology.
Walker et al. [38]	2021	USA	Good	567	81.1% Female; 56.6% White	20.84	DERS	PCL-5	LSC-R DAR-5	CSA and ASA increase several factors that may be linked with increased risk for sexual victimization.
Andersson et al. [39]	2022	Sweden	Good	3169	43.6% Male; 55.6% Female	18.10	DERS	TSCC	SITBI	Increased levels of emotional dysregulation and trauma symptoms in relation to childhood abuse contribute to the increased risk of NSSI.