Table 4.

Salivary cortisol levels of the two study groups ¹.

Cortisol (μg/dL)	LLLT 3 Group (n = 55)	BM 3 Group (n = 58)	p Value
Baseline	0.71 ± 1.09	0.60 ± 0.57	0.473
Post heel lancing	0.64 ± 0.86	0.58 ± 0.49	0.645
†p value 2	0.175	0.725
20 min after heel lancing	0.68 ± 0.70	0.90 ± 0.72	0.103
†p value 2	0.809	0.006 *

¹ Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. ² †p values: compared with the baseline in each group using a paired t-test. p value: comparing the LLLT group and BM groups using an independent t-test. * Indicates p < 0.05. ³ Abbreviations: LLLT, low-level laser therapy; BM, breast milk.