Figure 1.

An overview of the properties of RSV on the most common dietary-related diseases. A high-fat diet (HFD) may deregulate the gut microbiome and increase local and systemic inflammation. This contributes to the development of HFD-related diseases, including CVD (cardiovascular diseases). When the gut barriers are impaired, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of G-negative bacteria bind to Toll-like receptors on the surface of immune cells, additionally triggering inflammation, endotoxemia, and increased gut permeability. As a major component of Mediterranean diet, RSV attenuates the influence of HFD in the pathophysiology of CVD. IL—interleukin, TNF—tumor necrosis factor, HTA—hypertension.