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. 2023 Dec 16;24(24):17540. doi: 10.3390/ijms242417540

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Dendritic cells (DC) start the immunological cascade in psoriasis and produce IL-1b, IL-12, and IL-23. The most crucial cytokine pathway is the IL-17/IL-23 axis. IL-17, IL-21, and IL-22 cause epidermal barrier dysfunction and keratinocyte proliferation. IL-17 stimulates many proliferative pathways, such as NOTCH, ERK1, and NF-Kb.