| COVID-19 | coronavirus disease 2019 |
| SARS-CoV-2 | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| BSL | biosafety level |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
| RBD | receptor-binding domain |
| NTD | N-terminal domain |
| ACE2 | human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| LFA | lateral flow immunoassay |
| CLIA | chemiluminescent immunoassay |
| FDA | U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
| IU | international units |
| BAU | binding antibody units |
| CI | confidence interval |
| aOR | adjusted odds ratio |
| aHR | adjusted hazard ratio |