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. 2023 Nov 17;10(12):uhad230. doi: 10.1093/hr/uhad230

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© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nanjing Agricultural University.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Physical interaction between CCD4.1 and ERF5.1. A A yeast one-hybrid experiment showed that LbERF5.1 bound to the promoter region of LbCCD4.1. The pGADT7-p53 and pHIS2-p53 were used as positive quality controls, and pGADT7 and pHIS2-p53 were used as negative quality controls. The pGADT7 and pHIS2-proLbCCD4.1 served as negative controls. B and C A dual-luciferase assay showed that LbERF5.1 enhanced the promoter activity of LbCCD4.1. D A dual-luciferase assay showed that LrERF5.1 enhanced the promoter activity of LrCCD4.1. E A dual-luciferase assay showed LbERF5.1’s binding activity with the three predicted binding sites of LbCCD4.1’s promoter. Luciferase fold-changes in tobacco under different effector and reporter gene combinations were calculated using the ratio of firefly luciferase to renal luciferase (fLUC/rLUC). All the data were calculated as the mean values of three replicates. Error bars represent standard deviations. The data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple range test (P < 0.01).