Table 2.
BP and BMI data, and echocardiographic findings at the time of enrollment (T0) and first follow-up (T1) in patients divided into groups according to their diagnosis, with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and endocrine disorders (ED).
| CKD T0 | ED T0 | p Value T0 | CKD T1 | ED T1 | p Value T1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SBP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 119.68 ± 16.63 | 133.11 ± 12.29 | <0.001 a | 113.5 ± 15.99 | 130.06 ± 14.12 | 0.010 a |
| DBP (mmHg), mean ± SD | 69.5 ± 11.2 | 72.4 ± 9.8 | n.s | 65.2 ± 10.8 | 72 ± 10.5 | 0.038 a |
| BP categories, n (%) | ||||||
| (1) Normal BP | 3/17 (17.6%) | 1/44 (2.3%) | 0.029 b | 4/10 (40%) | 3/15 (20%) | n.s. |
| (2) High Normal BP | 7/17 (41.2%) | 6/44 (13.6%) | 0.018 b | 4/10 (40%) | 6/15 (40%) | n.s. |
| (3) HTN | 7/17 (41.2%) | 37/44 (84.1%) | <0.001 b | 2/10 (20%) | 6/15 (40%) | n.s. |
| BMI, mean ± SD | 19.53 ± 4.42 | 30.98 ± 5.23 | <0.001 a | 19.26 ± 5.47 | 32.75 ± 4.53 | <0.001 a |
| BMI categories, n (%) | ||||||
| (1) Normal weight | 15/17(88.2%) | 5/44 (11.4%) | <0.001 b | 9/10 (90%) | 0 | - |
| (2) Overweight | 1/17 (5.9%) | 3/44 (6.8%) | n.s. | 0 | 0 | - |
| (3) Obesity | 1/17 (5.9%) | 36/44 (81.8%) | <0.001 a | 1/10 (10%) | 15/15 (100%) | - |
| Echocardiographic findings | ||||||
| LVMI (g/h2.7), mean ± SD | 38.35 ± 18.05 | 37.18 ± 10.94 | n.s. | 33.18 ± 16.06 | 36.70 ±4.66 | n.s. |
| LVMI (g/h2.16), mean ± SD | 40.24 ± 9.90 | 45.92 ± 11.69 | n.s. | 34.5 ±10.16 | 46.11 ± 5.97 | <0.001 a |
| RWT, mean ± SD | 0.37 ± 0.04 | 0.39 ± 0.11 | n.s. | 0.36 ± 0.08 | 0.38 ± 0.04 | n.s. |
| FS%, mean ± SD | 39.35 ± 4.02 | 39.04 ± 4.38 | n.s. | 36.2 ± 3.49 | 38.63 ± 4.38 | n.s. |
| LVH (Khoury et al. [27]), % | 17.6% | 33.3% | n.s. | 9.1% | 29.4% | n.s. |
| LVH (Chinali et al. [28]), % | 35.3% | 45.2% | n.s. | 20% | 52.9% | 0.039 b |
| RWT > 0.42, % | 11.8% | 21.4% | n.s. | 18.2% | 17.6% | n.s. |
| FS% < 35%, % | 10% | 14% | n.s. | 18.2% | 3/17 (17.6%) | n.s. |
| E/A < 1,% | 5% | 4.7% | n.s. | 9.1% | 0 | - |
| Normal LV geometry, % | 76.4% | 55.9% | n.s. | 72.7% | 58.8% | n.s. |
| Concentric hypertrophy, % | 0% | 11.6% | - | 9.1% | 5.9% | n.s. |
| Eccentric hypertrophy, % | 11.8% | 20.9% | n.s. | 0 | 23.5% | - |
| Concentric remodeling, % | 11.8% | 11.6% | n.s. | 18.2% | 11.8% | n.s. |
a Mann–Whitney U Test; b Chi-square test; Legend: CKD stands for chronic kidney disease; ED stands for endocrine disorders; SBP stands for systolic blood pressure; DBP stands for diastolic blood pressure; BP stands for blood pressure; LVMI stands for left ventricular mass index; LVH stands for left ventricular hypertrophy; RWT stands for relative wall thickness; FS stands for fractional shortening; n.s. stands for not significant; n stands for number of patients.