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. 2023 Dec 6;13(4):1706–1720. doi: 10.3390/nursrep13040141

Table 2.

Needs detected by relatives of patients in the end-of-life process according to different techniques.

Dimension Codes Dating Non-Participant Observation Interview Discussion Group
Presence Accompaniment 10 Yes Yes Yes
Solitude 8 Yes Yes Yes
Family empowerment 5 Yes Yes
Communication Conspiracy of silence 7 Yes Yes
Autonomy 6 Yes Yes Yes
Spiritual support Sense of care/meaning of life 9 Yes Yes
Accompaniment 11 Yes Yes Yes
Resilience and reconciliation 6 Yes Yes
Spiritual growth 5 Yes
Farewell 10 Yes Yes
Emotional support Fear of sudden death 7 Yes Yes
Feeling heard 9 Yes
Solitude 8 Yes Yes Yes
Decision-making 7 Yes
Family claudication Fear of not being up to the task 4 Yes
Complexity of care 5 Yes

Source: own elaboration.