Fig. 3.

Differential microbiota volcano plots. A&B: Differential microbiota volcano plots for male athletes after race and probiotic supplementation. (A: [mean(C)/mean(AR)]; B: [mean(C)/mean(AP)]); C&D: Volcano plot of differential microbiota in female athletes after race and probiotic supplementation (A: [mean(C)/mean(AR)]; B: [mean(C)/mean(AP)]) Horizontal axis: log2[mean(A)/mean(B)] is the mean relative abundance of a taxon in group A divided by the mean relative abundance in group B, and then the logarithm of the base of 2 is taken. The vertical axis: log10(p-value) is the logarithm of the p-value with a base of 10 and a negative value; red dots: taxons that satisfy |log2[mean(A)/mean(B)]|>1 and p-value<0.05 and q-value<0.05 (advanced criteria); green dots: taxons that satisfy only |log2[mean(A)/mean(B)]|>1 and p-value<0.05 (primary criteria); grey dots: taxons that do not satisfy any of the above conditions.