Table 2.

Key signaling mechanisms in picornaviruses that inhibit the generation of IFNs from 3C.

Virus	Signaling Pathways	IFN Type	References
EV71	Inhibits IRF7 and IRF9	Type I IFNs	Lei X et al. 2010 [139]
EMCV	Cleaves TANK and inhibits TRAF6-mediated NF-κB signaling	Type I IFNs	Huang L et al. 2015 [137]
CVB3	Cleaves MAVS and TRIF	Type I IFNs	Mukherjee A et al. 2011 [140]
CV–A6, EV–D68	Cleaves TAK1 to inhibit NF-κB signalling	Not clear	Yajuan R et al. 2017 [135]
FMDV	Cleaving TANK and NEMO	Not clear	Zhao T et al. 2007 [141]
HAV	Cleaving MAVS and NEMO	Type I IFNs	Yang Y et al. 2007 [142]
SVV	Cleaving MAVS, TRIF, and TANK	Type I IFNs	Qian S et al. 2017 [69]