Table 2.

Brief summary of ItP-mediated intradermal vaccination approaches and their respective outcomes.

Author	Vaccine Components/Vaccine	Study Model and Dose of IP	Outcome
Husseini et al. [101]	Naked mRNA encoding tumor-associated antigen gp10025–33	Melanoma-bearing mice; 0.17 mA/0.5 cm2 for 1 h.	ItP caused significant regression in the tumor volume via cytokine production and activation of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells.
Kigasawa et al. [102]	Naked CpG-ODN	Melanoma-bearing mice; 0.3 mA/cm2, for 1 h	ItP induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and suppressed tumor growth.
Toyoda et al. [103]	Tumor-associated antigen gp100 loaded nano gel	Melanoma-bearing mice; 0.4 mA/cm2, 1 h	ItP application activated immune responses and suppressed tumor growth.
Husseini et al. [104]	Polyplex containing gp10025–33 and CpG-ODN	Melanoma-bearing mice; 0.34 mA/cm2 for 1 h	ItP employs a potent antitumor effect via cytokine production and activation of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells.
Arshad et al. [105]	Rabies vaccine	Used beagle dogs; 0.5 mA/cm2 for 10 min couple with microneedle	ItP activated potent immunogenic response relative to the conventional intramuscular injection.