Figure 6.

Oral antibiotic treatment of WT mice decreases pulmonary inflammation to cigarette smoke exposure. (A) WT mice were treated with antibiotic cocktail containing vancomycin, neomycin, ampicillin and me- tronidazole in drinking water for 12 days including the 4 days of CS exposure. BALF, lung and caecum were collected 16 hours after the last exposure. (B) Representative caecum picture from control (Ctrl) or treated (+Atb) mice. (C) Weight loss percentage (D). Total cells and (E) neutrophils numerated in BALF. (F) BALF neutrophil percentage. (G-L) MPO, CXCL1, CXCL5 measured in BALF and lungs. (M) IL-1β levels in lungs. (N-Q) Remodeling factors MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels measured in BALF and lungs. Data are representative of two experiments and are expressed as mean values ± SEM (n= 5 mice per group), *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****P<0.0001.