Table 1.
Maternal characteristics and delivery mode in the pre- and postcare pathway implementation cohorts
| Characteristic | Prepathway cohort: Jan. 2018 to May 2018 (n=392) | Postpathway cohort: Aug. 2018 to Sept. 2019 (n=1079) | P value | Prematch SMD (n=299) | Postmatch SMD (n=1070) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IOL rate, n/N (%) | 392/1021 (39.0) | 1079/2641 (40.9) | |||
| Age (y) | 31.0±5.3 | 29.4±5.3 | <.001 | −0.260 | −0.022 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.5±6.0 | 32.6±5.9 | .71 | −0.008 | 0.056 |
| Race, n (%) | |||||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 (0.3) | 8 (0.7) | — | 0.050 | −0.061 |
| Asian Pacific Islander | 25 (6.4) | 59 (5.5) | .036 | −0.033 | −0.005 |
| Black | 56 (14.3) | 168 (15.6) | 0.030 | 0.017 | |
| Other | 91 (23.2) | 322 (29.8) | 0.119 | 0.09 | |
| Unknown | 10 (2.6) | 13 (1.2) | −0.160 | 0.074 | |
| White | 209 (53.3) | 509 (47.2) | −0.089 | −0.099 | |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||||
| Hispanic | 45 (11.5) | 184 (17.1) | .009 | 0.119 | 0.025 |
| non-Hispanic | 347 (88.5) | 895 (82.9) | |||
| Parity | |||||
| Nulliparous | 244 (60.7) | 702 (65.1) | .128 | −0.061 | 0.028 |
| Multiparous | 158 (39.3) | 377 (34.9) | |||
| Bishop score (mean) | 3.16 | 4.05 | <.001 | 0.372 | 0.049 |
| Gestational age (wk) | 38 5/7 | 38 6/7 | .43 | 0.029 | 0.043 |
| <36 0/7 | 20 (5.1) | 45 (4.1) | .79 | ||
| 36 0/7 to 38 6/7 | 145 (37.0) | 426 (39.5) | |||
| 39 0/7 to 39 6/7 | 91 (23.2) | 259 (24.0) | |||
| 40 0/7 to 40 6/7 | 88 (22.4) | 221 (20.5) | |||
| ≥41 0/7 | 48 (12.2) | 127 (11.8) | |||
| Mode of delivery | |||||
| Vaginal | 289 (73.7) | 823 (76.2) | .56 | — | — |
| Operative vaginal | 17 (4.3) | 35 (3.2) | — | — | |
| Cesarean | 77 (19.6) | 217 (20.1) | — | — | |
| IOL indication | |||||
| FHR abnormality | 32 (8.2) | 50 (4.6) | .09 | −0.201 | 0.048 |
| Hypertensive disorders | 134 (34.1) | 429 (39.8) | 0.133 | −0.040 | |
| Fetal growth restriction | 7 (1.8) | 22 (2.0) | −0.019 | 0.00 | |
| Fetal indications | 4 (1.0) | 6 (0.6) | −0.075 | 0.013 | |
| Elective≥39 wk | 48 (12.2) | 162 (15.0) | 0.072 | −0.049 | |
| Postdates≥41 wk | 56 (14.3) | 127 (11.8) | −0.098 | 0.066 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 14 (3.6) | 44 (4.0) | 0.036 | −0.016 | |
| Intrahepatic cholestasis | 16 (4.1) | 45 (4.1) | 0.069 | −0.005 | |
| Oligohydramnios | 8 (2.0) | 29 (2.7) | 0.073 | 0.00 | |
| Other | 42 (10.7) | 84 (7.8) | −0.119 | −0.035 | |
| Ruptured membranes | 29 (7.4) | 80 (7.4) | −0.040 | 0.068 |
Some columns may not add to 100% because of missing data. Chi-square analysis was used to calculate for age, race, gestational age categories, delivery method, and IOL indication. The Fisher exact test was used to calculate for ethnicity. The 2 sample t test was used to calculate for age, mean gestational age, and BMI.
BMI, body mass index; FHR, fetal heart rate; IOL, induction of labor; SMD, standardized mean difference.
Lutgendorf. Induction of labor care pathway. Am J Obstet Gynecol Glob Rep 2023.